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Heterotrophic cultivation of microalgae in photobioreactor using low cost crude glycerol for enhanced biodiesel production

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  • Katiyar, Richa
  • Gurjar, B.R.
  • Bharti, Randhir K.
  • Kumar, Amit
  • Biswas, Shalini
  • Pruthi, Vikas

Abstract

This integrated approach first time investigates the use of crude glycerol (CG), a primary by product of the biodiesel production, for heterotrophic cultivation of microalgae (namely, Chlorella sp.) in photobioreactor (PBR) to enhance biodiesel production. The glycerol was reported 28.5 ± 0.70% in CG, causing nearly two folds increase in biomass productivity (446.50 ± 1.50 mg L−1day−1) and nearly four folds enhanced lipid productivity (165.15 ± 0.55 mg L−1 day−1) for the algal cells cultivated in PBR with addition of CG (PBR+CG) system as compared to Bold's Basal media (BBM) used as control. The total lipid content (34.36 ± 0.51%) was also doubled for the cells grown in PBR+CG system than in BBM. The analysis of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) profile by GC-MS showed reduction in total unsaturated fatty acids and poly unsaturated fatty acids, and increase in total saturated fatty acids (SFAs) for the biodiesel obtained from algal cells grown in PBR+CG system. Moreover, the physical properties estimation also specified higher cetane number (53.89) and average oxidative stability (3.41 h), which are comparable with ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 fuel standards. This study demonstrates the potential of the use of CG for enhancing the low cost biodiesel production for vehicular transportation.

Suggested Citation

  • Katiyar, Richa & Gurjar, B.R. & Bharti, Randhir K. & Kumar, Amit & Biswas, Shalini & Pruthi, Vikas, 2017. "Heterotrophic cultivation of microalgae in photobioreactor using low cost crude glycerol for enhanced biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1359-1365.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:113:y:2017:i:c:p:1359-1365
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2017.06.100
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Katiyar, Richa & Gurjar, B.R. & Biswas, Shalini & Pruthi, Vikas & Kumar, Nalin & Kumar, Prashant, 2017. "Microalgae: An emerging source of energy based bio-products and a solution for environmental issues," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 1083-1093.
    2. Huang, GuanHua & Chen, Feng & Wei, Dong & Zhang, XueWu & Chen, Gu, 2010. "Biodiesel production by microalgal biotechnology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(1), pages 38-46, January.
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    1. Ashwin Jacob & B. Ashok & Hwai Chyuan Ong & Phung Thi Kim Le, 2023. "Scaling-up heterotrophic cultures of C. Pyrenoidosa microalgae for sustainable synthesis of low-density biodiesel mixtures and predict CI engine behavior at optimal proportions," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(1), pages 400-422, January.
    2. Gao, Feng & Cui, Wei & Xu, Jing-Ping & Li, Chen & Jin, Wei-Hong & Yang, Hong-Li, 2019. "Lipid accumulation properties of Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus in membrane photobioreactor (MPBR) fed with secondary effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plant," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 671-676.
    3. Lim, Juin Yau & Teng, Sin Yong & How, Bing Shen & Nam, KiJeon & Heo, SungKu & Máša, Vítězslav & Stehlík, Petr & Yoo, Chang Kyoo, 2022. "From microalgae to bioenergy: Identifying optimally integrated biorefinery pathways and harvest scheduling under uncertainties in predicted climate," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    4. Jacob, Ashwin & Ashok, B. & Shanthakumar, S. & Jino, L. & Karthikeyan, A. & Kavvampally, Rahul & Raja, Ignatius, 2022. "Formulation of optimal bioenergy mixtures from phototrophic and heterotrophic cultures of S. quadricauda and C. pyrenoidosa microalgal strains," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 695-708.
    5. Nayak, Manoranjan & Rashid, Naim & Suh, William I. & Lee, Bongsoo & Chang, Yong Keun, 2019. "Performance evaluation of different cationic flocculants through pH modulation for efficient harvesting of Chlorella sp. HS2 and their impact on water reusability," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 819-827.
    6. Daniel Borowiak & Małgorzata Krzywonos, 2022. "Bioenergy, Biofuels, Lipids and Pigments—Research Trends in the Use of Microalgae Grown in Photobioreactors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-48, July.

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