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Distributed control scheme for residential battery energy storage units coupled with PV systems

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  • Ranaweera, Iromi
  • Midtgård, Ole-Morten
  • Korpås, Magnus

Abstract

A distributed control method for residential battery energy storage (BES) units coupled with photovoltaic (PV) systems is presented. The objective is to utilize customer owned BES units for solving the over-voltage issues caused by high PV penetration without significantly affecting the BES owners local objectives. 24 h ahead active power set points of the BES unit are calculated by an optimization based scheduling algorithm. The objective function is locally decided and the optimization is performed at the local level. The BES units are charged from the excess energy from the PV systems mostly during the period the grid is under risk of over-voltage. If the set points that were calculated by the optimization, turn out not to be able to maintain the voltages within the statutory limits in real time operation, the active power set points are modified. Reactive power is also utilized when active power is not sufficient. The new set points are calculated by a central controller. The performance of the proposed method is validated in a simulation study. It is shown that the residential BES units can successfully be utilized for solving over-voltage issues without significantly affecting the primary needs of the BES owners.

Suggested Citation

  • Ranaweera, Iromi & Midtgård, Ole-Morten & Korpås, Magnus, 2017. "Distributed control scheme for residential battery energy storage units coupled with PV systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1099-1110.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:113:y:2017:i:c:p:1099-1110
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2017.06.084
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Howlader, Abdul Motin & Sadoyama, Staci & Roose, Leon R. & Chen, Yan, 2020. "Active power control to mitigate voltage and frequency deviations for the smart grid using smart PV inverters," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    5. Moradi Amani, A. & Sajjadi, S.S. & Al Khafaf, N. & Song, H. & Jalili, M. & Yu, X. & Meegahapola, L. & McTaggart, P., 2023. "Technology balancing for reliable EV uptake in distribution grids: An Australian case study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 939-948.
    6. Koskela, Juha & Rautiainen, Antti & Järventausta, Pertti, 2019. "Using electrical energy storage in residential buildings – Sizing of battery and photovoltaic panels based on electricity cost optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 1175-1189.
    7. Mukhopadhyay, Bineeta & Das, Debapriya, 2020. "Multi-objective dynamic and static reconfiguration with optimized allocation of PV-DG and battery energy storage system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    8. Kotowicz, Janusz & Uchman, Wojciech, 2021. "Analysis of the integrated energy system in residential scale: Photovoltaics, micro-cogeneration and electrical energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    9. Leithon, Johann & Werner, Stefan & Koivunen, Visa, 2021. "Energy optimization through cooperative storage management: A calculus of variations approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 1357-1370.
    10. Manuel Kersic & Thilo Bocklisch & Michael Böttiger & Lisa Gerlach, 2020. "Coordination Mechanism for PV Battery Systems with Local Optimizing Energy Management," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-25, January.
    11. Leithon, Johann & Werner, Stefan & Koivunen, Visa, 2020. "Cost-aware renewable energy management: Centralized vs. distributed generation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 1164-1179.
    12. Gandhi, Oktoviano & Rodríguez-Gallegos, Carlos D. & Zhang, Wenjie & Reindl, Thomas & Srinivasan, Dipti, 2022. "Levelised cost of PV integration for distribution networks," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    13. Lee, J. & Bérard, Jean-Philippe & Razeghi, G. & Samuelsen, S., 2020. "Maximizing PV hosting capacity of distribution feeder microgrid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    14. Howlader, Abdul Motin & Sadoyama, Staci & Roose, Leon R. & Sepasi, Saeed, 2018. "Distributed voltage regulation using Volt-Var controls of a smart PV inverter in a smart grid: An experimental study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 145-157.
    15. Uchman, Wojciech & Kotowicz, Janusz & Li, Kin Fun, 2021. "Evaluation of a micro-cogeneration unit with integrated electrical energy storage for residential application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PA).
    16. Ziyu Wang & Guangya Yang, 2019. "Static Operational Impacts of Residential Solar PV Plants on the Medium Voltage Distribution Grids—A Case Study Based on the Danish Island Bornholm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-16, April.
    17. Zambrano, Andres Felipe & Giraldo, Luis Felipe, 2020. "Solar irradiance forecasting models without on-site training measurements," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 557-566.
    18. Correa-Florez, Carlos Adrian & Michiorri, Andrea & Kariniotakis, Georges, 2018. "Robust optimization for day-ahead market participation of smart-home aggregators," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 433-445.

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