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Impact of active power curtailment on overvoltage prevention and energy production of PV inverters connected to low voltage residential feeders

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  • Tonkoski, Reinaldo
  • Lopes, Luiz A.C.

Abstract

As non-controllable power sources, photovoltaics (PV) can create overvoltage in low voltage (LV) distribution feeders during periods of high generation and low load. This is usually prevented passively by limiting the penetration level of PV to very conservative values, even if the critical periods rarely occur. Alternatively, one can use active power curtailment (APC) techniques, reducing the amount of active power injected by the PV inverters, as the voltage at their buses increase above a certain value. In this way, it is possible to increase the installed PV capacity and energy yield while preventing overvoltage. This paper investigates a number of approaches for sizing and controlling the PV power generated by 12 net-zero energy houses equipped with large rooftop PV systems in a typical 240 V/75 kVA Canadian suburban radial distribution feeder. Simulations of a one year period with typical solar irradiance and load profiles are conducted with PSCAD to assess the performance of the different approaches in terms of overvoltage occurrence, sharing of the burden for overvoltage prevention per house and total energy yield of the residential PV feeder.

Suggested Citation

  • Tonkoski, Reinaldo & Lopes, Luiz A.C., 2011. "Impact of active power curtailment on overvoltage prevention and energy production of PV inverters connected to low voltage residential feeders," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(12), pages 3566-3574.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:36:y:2011:i:12:p:3566-3574
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2011.05.031
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    2. Stringer, Naomi & Haghdadi, Navid & Bruce, Anna & MacGill, Iain, 2021. "Fair consumer outcomes in the balance: Data driven analysis of distributed PV curtailment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 972-986.
    3. Lindberg, O. & Birging, A. & Widén, J. & Lingfors, D., 2021. "PV park site selection for utility-scale solar guides combining GIS and power flow analysis: A case study on a Swedish municipality," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PA).
    4. Perera, Brian & Ciufo, Philip & Perera, Sarath, 2016. "Advanced point of common coupling voltage controllers for grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 1037-1044.
    5. Patsalides, Minas & Efthymiou, Venizelos & Stavrou, Andreas & Georghiou, George E., 2016. "A generic transient PV system model for power quality studies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 526-542.
    6. Lund, Peter D. & Lindgren, Juuso & Mikkola, Jani & Salpakari, Jyri, 2015. "Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of variable renewable electricity," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 785-807.
    7. Stinner, Sebastian & Schlösser, Tim & Huchtemann, Kristian & Müller, Dirk & Monti, Antonello, 2017. "Primary energy evaluation of heat pumps considering dynamic boundary conditions in the energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 60-78.
    8. Ranaweera, Iromi & Midtgård, Ole-Morten & Korpås, Magnus, 2017. "Distributed control scheme for residential battery energy storage units coupled with PV systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1099-1110.
    9. Guerrero, Jaysson & Gebbran, Daniel & Mhanna, Sleiman & Chapman, Archie C. & Verbič, Gregor, 2020. "Towards a transactive energy system for integration of distributed energy resources: Home energy management, distributed optimal power flow, and peer-to-peer energy trading," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    10. Vergara, Pedro P. & Salazar, Mauricio & Mai, Tam T. & Nguyen, Phuong H. & Slootweg, Han, 2020. "A comprehensive assessment of PV inverters operating with droop control for overvoltage mitigation in LV distribution networks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 172-183.
    11. Cook, Tyson & Shaver, Lee & Arbaje, Paul, 2018. "Modeling constraints to distributed generation solar photovoltaic capacity installation in the US Midwest," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 1037-1050.
    12. Zedequias Machado Alves & Renata Mota Martins & Gustavo Marchesan & Ghendy Cardoso Junior, 2022. "Metaheuristic for the Allocation and Sizing of PV-STATCOMs for Ancillary Service Provision," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-16, December.
    13. A.S. Jameel Hassan & Umar Marikkar & G.W. Kasun Prabhath & Aranee Balachandran & W.G. Chaminda Bandara & Parakrama B. Ekanayake & Roshan I. Godaliyadda & Janaka B. Ekanayake, 2021. "A Sensitivity Matrix Approach Using Two-Stage Optimization for Voltage Regulation of LV Networks with High PV Penetration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-24, October.
    14. Yang, Yanhong & Pei, Wei & Huo, Qunhai & Sun, Jianjun & Xu, Feng, 2018. "Coordinated planning method of multiple micro-grids and distribution network with flexible interconnection," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 2361-2374.
    15. Raman, P. & Murali, J. & Sakthivadivel, D. & Vigneswaran, V.S., 2012. "Opportunities and challenges in setting up solar photo voltaic based micro grids for electrification in rural areas of India," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 3320-3325.
    16. Nizami, M.S.H. & Haque, A.N.M.M. & Nguyen, P.H. & Hossain, M.J., 2019. "On the application of Home Energy Management Systems for power grid support," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    17. Chi-Thang Phan-Tan & Martin Hill, 2021. "Decentralized Optimal Control for Photovoltaic Systems Using Prediction in the Distribution Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-21, July.
    18. Samadi, Afshin & Shayesteh, Ebrahim & Eriksson, Robert & Rawn, Barry & Söder, Lennart, 2014. "Multi-objective coordinated droop-based voltage regulation in distribution grids with PV systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 315-323.
    19. Tsuanyo, David & Azoumah, Yao & Aussel, Didier & Neveu, Pierre, 2015. "Modeling and optimization of batteryless hybrid PV (photovoltaic)/Diesel systems for off-grid applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 152-163.
    20. Kolhe, Mohan Lal & Rasul, M.J.M.A., 2020. "3-Phase grid-connected building integrated photovoltaic system with reactive power control capability," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 1065-1075.
    21. Huda, A.S.N. & Živanović, R., 2017. "Large-scale integration of distributed generation into distribution networks: Study objectives, review of models and computational tools," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 974-988.
    22. Luthander, Rasmus & Widén, Joakim & Munkhammar, Joakim & Lingfors, David, 2016. "Self-consumption enhancement and peak shaving of residential photovoltaics using storage and curtailment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 221-231.

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