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Could pool fire alone cause a domino effect?

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  • Yang, Ruochen
  • Khan, Faisal
  • Neto, Eugenio Turco
  • Rusli, Riza
  • Ji, Jie

Abstract

The chain of accidents, also known as the domino effect, is responsible for several severe accidents in the chemical and process industries. The pool fire is often blamed as one of the primary accidents triggering a domino event. The present study is devoted to analyzing whether the pool fire alone can cause a domino event in processing and storage facilities. Two models, including a solid flame model and computational fluid dynamic model, are applied to simulate the escalation vector caused by a pool fire. The escalation vector probability is calculated using a probit model for a potential domino effect. This study also investigates the possible factors that can cause a domino effect and determine credible accident scenarios. The proposed concept of escalation vector and numerical models are tested using two past accidents. The study estimates the possibility of pool fires alone causing a domino effect. The results of this study show that although the pool fire alone has the ability to cause a domino event, it is unlikely to occur if a safe distance separates the equipment and proper mitigation measures are employed.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Ruochen & Khan, Faisal & Neto, Eugenio Turco & Rusli, Riza & Ji, Jie, 2020. "Could pool fire alone cause a domino effect?," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:reensy:v:202:y:2020:i:c:s0951832019312359
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ress.2020.106976
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nima Khakzad & Faisal Khan & Paul Amyotte & Valerio Cozzani, 2013. "Domino Effect Analysis Using Bayesian Networks," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 33(2), pages 292-306, February.
    2. Khakzad, Nima, 2015. "Application of dynamic Bayesian network to risk analysis of domino effects in chemical infrastructures," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 263-272.
    3. Masum Jujuly, Muhammad & Rahman, Aziz & Ahmed, Salim & Khan, Faisal, 2015. "LNG pool fire simulation for domino effect analysis," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 19-29.
    4. Nima Khakzad & Faisal Khan & Paul Amyotte & Valerio Cozzani, 2014. "Risk Management of Domino Effects Considering Dynamic Consequence Analysis," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 34(6), pages 1128-1138, June.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Chen, Jian & Song, Ye & Yu, Yueyang & Xiao, Guoqing & Tam, Wai Cheong & Kong, Depeng, 2022. "The influence of a plate obstacle on the burning behavior of small scale pool fires: An experimental study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
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    3. Gholamizadeh, Kamran & Zarei, Esmaeil & Yazdi, Mohammad & Ramezanifar, Ehsan & Aliabadi, Mostafa Mirzaei, 2024. "A hybrid model for dynamic analysis of domino effects in chemical process industries," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    4. Martin Folch-Calvo & Francisco Brocal-Fernández & Cristina González-Gaya & Miguel A. Sebastián, 2020. "Analysis and Characterization of Risk Methodologies Applied to Industrial Parks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-35, September.
    5. Amin, Md. Tanjin & Scarponi, Giordano Emrys & Cozzani, Valerio & Khan, Faisal, 2024. "Improved pool fire-initiated domino effect assessment in atmospheric tank farms using structural response," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    6. Celano, Francesca & Dolšek, Matjaž, 2021. "Fatality risk estimation for industrialized urban areas considering multi-hazard domino effects triggered by earthquakes," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    7. Li, Xiaofeng & Chen, Guohua & Amyotte, Paul & Khan, Faisal & Alauddin, Mohammad, 2023. "Vulnerability assessment of storage tanks exposed to simultaneous fire and explosion hazards," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    8. Sun, Xiepeng & Zhang, Xiaolei & Lv, Jiang & Chen, Xiaotao & Hu, Longhua, 2023. "Experimental study on the buoyant turbulent diffusion flame height of various intermittent levels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 351(C).

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