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Towards a definition of flexibility: in search of the Holy Grail?

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  • Golden, William
  • Powell, Philip

Abstract

Flexibility is becoming more important for organisations. Information technology (IT) has been proposed as a tool which can aid the attainment of flexibility. However, IT may also reduce an organisation's flexibility. In order to assess the extent to which IT enables or inhibits flexibility, a definition capable of operationalisation is required. This paper reviews existing literature and finds it wanting. Hence, the paper provides an inclusive definition which allows the measurement of flexibility. Flexibility is defined as 'the capacity to adapt' across four dimensions; temporal, range, intention and focus. These dimensions define areas within which flexibility can be achieved. The extent of flexibility can be measured by its metrics; efficiency, responsiveness, versatility and robustness. These four metrics measure the temporal and range dimensions. The intention and focus dimensions are operationalised within the context of the specific IT to be evaluated. The implications of this are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Golden, William & Powell, Philip, 2000. "Towards a definition of flexibility: in search of the Holy Grail?," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 373-384, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jomega:v:28:y:2000:i:4:p:373-384
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    2. Erika Župerkienė & Ligita Šimanskienė & Daiva Labanauskaitė & Julija Melnikova & Vida Davidavičienė, 2021. "The COVID-19 Pandemic and Resilience of SME’s in Lithuania," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 8(3), pages 53-65, March.
    3. Wang, Reay-Chen & Chuu, Shian-Jong, 2004. "Group decision-making using a fuzzy linguistic approach for evaluating the flexibility in a manufacturing system," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 154(3), pages 563-572, May.
    4. Gong, Zhejun & Hu, Sun, 2008. "An economic evaluation model of product mix flexibility," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 852-864, October.
    5. Naim, Mohamed & Aryee, Gilbert & Potter, Andrew, 2010. "Determining a logistics provider's flexibility capability," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(1), pages 39-45, September.
    6. Petrakis, Panagiotis E. & Kostis, Pantelis C. & Kafka, Kyriaki I., 2016. "Secular stagnation, faltering innovation, and high uncertainty: New-era entrepreneurship appraisal using knowledge-based thinking," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(5), pages 1909-1913.
    7. Han, Jeong Hugh & Wang, Yingli & Naim, Mohamed, 2017. "Reconceptualization of information technology flexibility for supply chain management: An empirical study," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 196-215.
    8. Chuu, Shian-Jong, 2011. "Interactive group decision-making using a fuzzy linguistic approach for evaluating the flexibility in a supply chain," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 213(1), pages 279-289, August.
    9. Judit Oláh & Attila Bai & György Karmazin & Péter Balogh & József Popp, 2017. "The Role Played by Trust and Its Effect on the Competiveness of Logistics Service Providers in Hungary," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-22, December.
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    11. Jorge De La Cruz & Eduardo Gómez-Luna & Majid Ali & Juan C. Vasquez & Josep M. Guerrero, 2023. "Fault Location for Distribution Smart Grids: Literature Overview, Challenges, Solutions, and Future Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-37, February.
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