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Describing the concentration of income populations by functional principal component analysis on Lorenz curves

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  • Bongiorno, Enea G.
  • Goia, Aldo

Abstract

Lorenz curves are widely used in economic studies (inequality, poverty, differentiation, etc.). From a model point of view, such curves can be seen as constrained functional data for which functional principal component analysis (FPCA) could be defined. Although statistically consistent, performing FPCA using the original data can lead to a suboptimal analysis from a mathematical and interpretation point of view. In fact, the family of Lorenz curves lacks very basic (e.g., vectorial) structures and, hence, must be treated with ad hoc methods. This work aims to provide a rigorous mathematical framework via an embedding approach to define a coherent FPCA for Lorenz curves. This approach is used to explore a functional dataset from the Bank of Italy income survey.

Suggested Citation

  • Bongiorno, Enea G. & Goia, Aldo, 2019. "Describing the concentration of income populations by functional principal component analysis on Lorenz curves," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 10-24.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jmvana:v:170:y:2019:i:c:p:10-24
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jmva.2018.09.005
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Daniel Kosiorowski & Jerzy P. Rydlewski, 2020. "Centrality-oriented causality. A study of EU agricultural subsidies and digital developement in Poland," Operations Research and Decisions, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Management, vol. 30(3), pages 47-63.
    4. Gattone, Stefano Antonio & Fortuna, Francesca & Evangelista, Adelia & Di Battista, Tonio, 2022. "Simultaneous confidence bands for the functional mean of convex curves," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 183-193.
    5. Kosiorowski Daniel & Jerzy P. Rydlewski, 2019. "Centrality-oriented Causality -- A Study of EU Agricultural Subsidies and Digital Developement in Poland," Papers 1908.11099, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2019.
    6. Jolliffe, Ian, 2022. "A 50-year personal journey through time with principal component analysis," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    7. Aneiros, Germán & Cao, Ricardo & Fraiman, Ricardo & Genest, Christian & Vieu, Philippe, 2019. "Recent advances in functional data analysis and high-dimensional statistics," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 3-9.
    8. Fabrizio Maturo & Rosanna Verde, 2023. "Supervised classification of curves via a combined use of functional data analysis and tree-based methods," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 38(1), pages 419-459, March.

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