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The reserve supply channel of unconventional monetary policy

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  • Diamond, William
  • Jiang, Zhengyang
  • Ma, Yiming

Abstract

We find that central bank reserves injected by QE crowd out bank lending. We estimate a structural model with cross-sectional instrumental variables for deposit and loan demand. Our results are determined by the elasticity of loan demand and the impact of reserve holdings on the cost of supplying loans. The reserves injected by QE raise loan rates by 7.4 basis points, and each dollar of reserves reduces bank lending by 7.7 cents. Our results imply that a large injection of central bank reserves has the unintended consequence of crowding out bank loans because of bank balance sheet costs.

Suggested Citation

  • Diamond, William & Jiang, Zhengyang & Ma, Yiming, 2024. "The reserve supply channel of unconventional monetary policy," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jfinec:v:159:y:2024:i:c:s0304405x24001107
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jfineco.2024.103887
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Financial intermediation; Quantitative easing; Deposit competition; Balance sheet cost; Structural estimation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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