IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/intman/v20y2014i2p256-274.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Culture's Influence on Emotional Intelligence: An Empirical Study of Nine Countries

Author

Listed:
  • Gunkel, Marjaana
  • Schlägel, Christopher
  • Engle, Robert L.

Abstract

While a large body of research has examined the outcomes of emotional intelligence, relatively little is known about the antecedents of emotional intelligence. Prior research suggests that emotional intelligence has different effects on management outcomes in different cultural contexts, but lacks a systematic analysis of the effect of cultural values in the development of emotional intelligence. Utilizing a sample of 2067 individuals in nine countries, the present study explores the influence of cultural dimensions on emotional intelligence. Our results show that especially collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation have a positive influence on the different dimensions of emotional intelligence. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed and future research directions are provided.

Suggested Citation

  • Gunkel, Marjaana & Schlägel, Christopher & Engle, Robert L., 2014. "Culture's Influence on Emotional Intelligence: An Empirical Study of Nine Countries," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 256-274.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:intman:v:20:y:2014:i:2:p:256-274
    DOI: 10.1016/j.intman.2013.10.002
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1075425313000884
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.intman.2013.10.002?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kothari, Tanvi & Lahiri, Somnath, 2012. "Yesterday, today and tomorrow: An overview of research publications in the Journal of International Management," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 102-110.
    2. Taras, Vas & Steel, Piers & Kirkman, Bradley L., 2012. "Improving national cultural indices using a longitudinal meta-analysis of Hofstede's dimensions," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 47(3), pages 329-341.
    3. Taras, Vas & Rowney, Julie & Steel, Piers, 2009. "Half a century of measuring culture: Review of approaches, challenges, and limitations based on the analysis of 121 instruments for quantifying culture," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 15(4), pages 357-373, December.
    4. Bradley L Kirkman & Kevin B Lowe & Cristina B Gibson, 2006. "A quarter century of Culture's Consequences: a review of empirical research incorporating Hofstede's cultural values framework," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 37(3), pages 285-320, May.
    5. Steel, Piers & Taras, Vasyl, 2010. "Culture as a consequence: A multi-level multivariate meta-analysis of the effects of individual and country characteristics on work-related cultural values," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 16(3), pages 211-233, September.
    6. Ang, Soon & Van Dyne, Linn & Koh, Christine & Ng, K. Yee & Templer, Klaus J. & Tay, Cheryl & Chandrasekar, N. Anand, 2007. "Cultural Intelligence: Its Measurement and Effects on Cultural Judgment and Decision Making, Cultural Adaptation and Task Performance," Management and Organization Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 3(3), pages 335-371, November.
    7. Sunil Venaik & Paul Brewer, 2010. "Avoiding uncertainty in Hofstede and GLOBE," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 41(8), pages 1294-1315, October.
    8. Jan H. Schumann & Nancy V. Wünderlich & Marcus S. Zimmer, 2012. "Culture’s Impact on Customer Motivation to Engage in Professional Service Enactments," Schmalenbach Business Review (sbr), LMU Munich School of Management, vol. 64(2), pages 141-165, April.
    9. Daniel Bello & Kwok Leung & Lee Radebaugh & Rosalie L Tung & Arjen van Witteloostuijn, 2009. "From the Editors: Student samples in international business research," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 40(3), pages 361-364, April.
    10. Soon Ang & Linn Van Dyne & Christine Koh & K. Yee Ng & Klaus J. Templer & Cheryl Tay & N. Anand Chandrasekar, 2007. "Cultural Intelligence: Its Measurement and Effects on Cultural Judgment and Decision Making, Cultural Adaptation and Task Performance," Management and Organization Review, The International Association for Chinese Management Research, vol. 3(3), pages 335-371, November.
    11. George R Franke & R Glenn Richey, 2010. "Improving generalizations from multi-country comparisons in international business research," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 41(8), pages 1275-1293, October.
    12. Steenkamp, Jan-Benedict E M & Baumgartner, Hans, 1998. "Assessing Measurement Invariance in Cross-National Consumer Research," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 25(1), pages 78-90, June.
    13. Alon, Ilan & Higgins, James M., 2005. "Global leadership success through emotional and cultural intelligences," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 48(6), pages 501-512.
    14. Muethel, Miriam & Hoegl, Martin, 2010. "Cultural and societal influences on shared leadership in globally dispersed teams," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 16(3), pages 234-246, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Shin, Seung Ki & Cho, Jaehyun & Park, Jinkyun, 2021. "Do we have a domain-specific group culture?," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    2. Gunkel, Marjaana & Schlaegel, Christopher & Rossteutscher, Tobias & Wolff, Birgitta, 2015. "The human aspect of cross-border acquisition outcomes: The role of management practices, employee emotions, and national culture," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 394-408.
    3. José Mata & Claudia Alves, 2018. "The survival of firms founded by immigrants: Institutional distance between home and host country, and experience in the host country," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 39(11), pages 2965-2991, November.
    4. Jimenez, Alfredo & Boehe, Dirk M. & Taras, Vasyl & Caprar, Dan V., 2017. "Working Across Boundaries: Current and Future Perspectives on Global Virtual Teams," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 23(4), pages 341-349.
    5. Bachmann, Jan-Thomas & Engelen, Andreas & Schwens, Christian, 2016. "Toward a Better Understanding of the Association Between Strategic Planning and Entrepreneurial Orientation — The Moderating Role of National Culture," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 297-315.
    6. Angelo Miguel R. Cabral & Fernando Manuel P. O. Carvalho & Jose Antonio V. Ferreira, 2020. "Emotional Intelligence and Cultural Intelligence in Top Management of International SMEs," Eurasian Journal of Business and Management, Eurasian Publications, vol. 8(3), pages 240-265.
    7. Zakaria, Norhayati & Mohd Yusof, Shafiz Affendi, 2020. "Crossing Cultural Boundaries Using the Internet: Toward Building a Model of Swift Trust Formation in Global Virtual Teams," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 26(1).
    8. Leonidas C. Leonidou & Bilge Aykol & Jorma Larimo & Lida Kyrgidou & Paul Christodoulides, 2021. "Enhancing International Buyer-Seller Relationship Quality and Long-Term Orientation Using Emotional Intelligence: The Moderating Role of Foreign Culture," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 61(3), pages 365-402, June.
    9. Hung-Sheng Lai & Hsin-Hui Hu & Zhang-Yu-Jing Chen, 2020. "The effects of culture shock on foreign employees in the service industry," Service Business, Springer;Pan-Pacific Business Association, vol. 14(3), pages 361-385, September.
    10. Park, Jinkyun, 2016. "Investigating a homogeneous culture for operating personnel working in domestic nuclear power plants," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 256-265.
    11. Miao, Chao & Humphrey, Ronald H. & Qian, Shanshan, 2018. "A cross-cultural meta-analysis of how leader emotional intelligence influences subordinate task performance and organizational citizenship behavior," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 53(4), pages 463-474.
    12. Baidyanath Biswas & Pooja Sengupta & Boudhayan Ganguly, 2022. "Your reviews or mine? Exploring the determinants of “perceived helpfulness” of online reviews: a cross-cultural study," Electronic Markets, Springer;IIM University of St. Gallen, vol. 32(3), pages 1083-1102, September.
    13. Gunkel, Marjaana & Schlaegel, Christopher & Taras, Vas, 2016. "Cultural values, emotional intelligence, and conflict handling styles: A global study," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 51(4), pages 568-585.
    14. Ângelo Miguel R. Cabral & Fernando Manuel P. O. Carvalho & José António Vasconcelos Ferreira, 2020. "SMEs’ International Strategic Groups and Top Managers’ Psychological Characteristics," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-22, November.
    15. Summerville, Karoline M. & Chen, Victor Zitian & Shoham, Amir & Taras, Vasyl, 2024. "Speaking of diversity: Can linguistic structural differences explain cultural values toward equity, diversity, and inclusion across the globe?," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 59(1).
    16. Mary Pisnar & José Vicente B. de M. Cordeiro & Suniti Phadke, 2023. "International Comparative Analysis of the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Scale," International Journal of Business and Management, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 17(8), pages 1-13, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Schlägel, Christopher & Sarstedt, Marko, 2016. "Assessing the measurement invariance of the four-dimensional cultural intelligence scale across countries: A composite model approach," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 633-649.
    2. Richter, Nicole Franziska & Hauff, Sven & Schlaegel, Christopher & Gudergan, Siegfried & Ringle, Christian M. & Gunkel, Marjaana, 2016. "Using Cultural Archetypes in Cross-cultural Management Studies," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 63-83.
    3. Gunkel, Marjaana & Schlaegel, Christopher & Taras, Vas, 2016. "Cultural values, emotional intelligence, and conflict handling styles: A global study," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 51(4), pages 568-585.
    4. Taras, Vas & Steel, Piers & Stackhouse, Madelynn, 2023. "A comparative evaluation of seven instruments for measuring values comprising Hofstede's model of culture," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 58(1).
    5. David Ralston & Carolyn Egri & Olivier Furrer & Min-Hsun Kuo & Yongjuan Li & Florian Wangenheim & Marina Dabic & Irina Naoumova & Katsuhiko Shimizu & María Garza Carranza & Ping Fu & Vojko Potocan & A, 2014. "Societal-Level Versus Individual-Level Predictions of Ethical Behavior: A 48-Society Study of Collectivism and Individualism," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 122(2), pages 283-306, June.
    6. Venkateswaran, Ramya Tarakad & George, Rejie, 2020. "When does culture matter? A multilevel study on the role of situational moderators," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 99-122.
    7. Davaei, Mahboobeh & Gunkel, Marjaana & Veglio, Valerio & Taras, Vas, 2022. "The influence of cultural intelligence and emotional intelligence on conflict occurrence and performance in global virtual teams," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 28(4).
    8. Tjemkes, Brian V. & Furrer, Olivier & Adolfs, Koen & Aydinlik, Arzu Ülgen, 2012. "Response strategies in an international strategic alliance experimental context: Cross-country differences," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 66-84.
    9. Zander, Lena & Mockaitis, Audra I. & Butler, Christina L., 2012. "Leading global teams," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 47(4), pages 592-603.
    10. Rosalie L Tung & Günter K Stahl, 2018. "The tortuous evolution of the role of culture in IB research: What we know, what we don’t know, and where we are headed," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 49(9), pages 1167-1189, December.
    11. Elenkov, Detelin S. & Manev, Ivan M., 2009. "Senior expatriate leadership's effects on innovation and the role of cultural intelligence," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 44(4), pages 357-369, October.
    12. Bradley L Kirkman & Kevin B Lowe & Cristina B Gibson, 2017. "A retrospective on Culture’s Consequences: The 35-year journey," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 48(1), pages 12-29, January.
    13. Julia Backmann & Rouven Kanitz & Amy Wei Tian & Patrick Hoffmann & Martin Hoegl, 2020. "Cultural gap bridging in multinational teams," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 51(8), pages 1283-1311, October.
    14. Sanders, Karin & Nguyen, Phong T. & Bouckenooghe, Dave & Rafferty, Alannah E. & Schwarz, Gavin, 2024. "Human resource management system strength in times of crisis," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    15. Saeed Nosratabadi & Parvaneh Bahrami & Khodayar Palouzian & Amir Mosavi, 2020. "Leader Cultural Intelligence and Organizational Performance," Papers 2010.02678, arXiv.org.
    16. Sousa, Cátia & Gonçalves, Gabriela, 2019. "Multiculturality as an antecedent to work wellbeing and work passion," Journal of Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being, Cinturs - Research Centre for Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being, University of Algarve, vol. 7(2), pages 101-124.
    17. Presbitero, Alfred, 2021. "Communication accommodation within global virtual team: The influence of cultural intelligence and the impact on interpersonal process effectiveness," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 27(1).
    18. Alipour, Ali & Yaprak, Attila, 2022. "Indulgence and risk-taking behavior of firms: Direct and interactive influences," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 28(2).
    19. Lavezzolo, Sebastián & Rodríguez-Lluesma, Carlos & Elvira, Marta M., 2018. "National culture and financial systems: The conditioning role of political context," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 60-72.
    20. Gyeongcheol Cho & Christopher Schlaegel & Heungsun Hwang & Younyoung Choi & Marko Sarstedt & Christian M. Ringle, 2022. "Integrated Generalized Structured Component Analysis: On the Use of Model Fit Criteria in International Management Research," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 62(4), pages 569-609, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:intman:v:20:y:2014:i:2:p:256-274. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/601266/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.