IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finmar/v32y2017icp49-68.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Multiple markets, algorithmic trading, and market liquidity

Author

Listed:
  • Upson, James
  • Van Ness, Robert A.

Abstract

Using a sample of NYSE firms from the first quarter of 2012, we show that the National Best Bid and Offer (NBBO) depth is negatively affected by quote competition between exchanges and by excess algorithmic trading (AT) activity, but positively impacted by volume fragmentation. Trade execution quality also decreases with higher quote competition and AT activity but is better with higher volume fragmentation. In addition, we find that the U-shaped pattern of spreads is an S-shape, with higher spreads at the open and lower spreads at the close. NBBO depth has an inverse pattern to that of spreads.

Suggested Citation

  • Upson, James & Van Ness, Robert A., 2017. "Multiple markets, algorithmic trading, and market liquidity," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 49-68.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finmar:v:32:y:2017:i:c:p:49-68
    DOI: 10.1016/j.finmar.2016.05.004
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386418115300148
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.finmar.2016.05.004?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wood, Robert A & McInish, Thomas H & Ord, J Keith, 1985. "An Investigation of Transactions Data for NYSE Stocks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 40(3), pages 723-739, July.
    2. Tarun Chordia & Richard Roll & Avanidhar Subrahmanyam, 2001. "Market Liquidity and Trading Activity," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 56(2), pages 501-530, April.
    3. Norris L. Larrymore & Albert J. Murphy, 2009. "Internalization And Market Quality: An Empirical Investigation," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 32(3), pages 337-363, September.
    4. Craig W. Holden & Stacey Jacobsen, 2014. "Liquidity Measurement Problems in Fast, Competitive Markets: Expensive and Cheap Solutions," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 69(4), pages 1747-1785, August.
    5. Battalio, Robert H, 1997. "Third Market Broker-Dealers: Cost Competitors or Cream Skimmers?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 52(1), pages 341-352, March.
    6. Chakravarty, Sugato & Jain, Pankaj & Upson, James & Wood, Robert, 2012. "Clean Sweep: Informed Trading through Intermarket Sweep Orders," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 47(2), pages 415-435, April.
    7. Vo, Minh T., 2007. "Limit orders and the intraday behavior of market liquidity: Evidence from the Toronto stock exchange," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 17(3), pages 379-396, March.
    8. Thomas H. McInish & James Upson, 2013. "The Quote Exception Rule: Giving High Frequency Traders an Unintended Advantage," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 42(3), pages 481-501, September.
    9. Thierry Foucault & Albert J. Menkveld, 2008. "Competition for Order Flow and Smart Order Routing Systems," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 63(1), pages 119-158, February.
    10. O'Hara, Maureen & Ye, Mao, 2011. "Is market fragmentation harming market quality?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(3), pages 459-474, June.
    11. Panayides, Marios A., 2007. "Affirmative obligations and market making with inventory," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(2), pages 513-542, November.
    12. Lee, Charles M C & Ready, Mark J, 1991. "Inferring Trade Direction from Intraday Data," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 46(2), pages 733-746, June.
    13. Chordia, Tarun & Roll, Richard & Subrahmanyam, Avanidhar, 2005. "Evidence on the speed of convergence to market efficiency," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(2), pages 271-292, May.
    14. Easley, David & Kiefer, Nicholas M & O'Hara, Maureen, 1996. "Cream-Skimming or Profit-Sharing? The Curious Role of Purchased Order Flow," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 51(3), pages 811-833, July.
    15. Chordia, Tarun & Roll, Richard & Subrahmanyam, Avanidhar, 2000. "Commonality in liquidity," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(1), pages 3-28, April.
    16. Hasbrouck, Joel & Saar, Gideon, 2013. "Low-latency trading," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 646-679.
    17. Ron Kaniel & Hong Liu, 2006. "So What Orders Do Informed Traders Use?," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 79(4), pages 1867-1914, July.
    18. He, Chen & Odders-White, Elizabeth & Ready, Mark J., 2006. "The impact of preferencing on execution quality," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 9(3), pages 246-273, August.
    19. Ranaldo, Angelo, 2004. "Order aggressiveness in limit order book markets," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 7(1), pages 53-74, January.
    20. Michael Goldstein & Michael A. Goldstein & Pavitra Kumar & Frank C. Graves, 2014. "Computerized and High-Frequency Trading," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 49(2), pages 177-202, May.
    21. Bessembinder, Hendrik & Kaufman, Herbert M., 1997. "A cross-exchange comparison of execution costs and information flow for NYSE-listed stocks," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(3), pages 293-319, December.
    22. Chan, Kalok & Chung, Y. Peter & Johnson, Herb, 1995. "The Intraday Behavior of Bid-Ask Spreads for NYSE Stocks and CBOE Options," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 30(3), pages 329-346, September.
    23. Tom McInish & James Upson & Robert A. Wood, 2014. "The Flash Crash: Trading Aggressiveness, Liquidity Supply, and the Impact of Intermarket Sweep Orders," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 49(3), pages 481-509, August.
    24. Lee, Charles M C & Mucklow, Belinda & Ready, Mark J, 1993. "Spreads, Depths, and the Impact of Earnings Information: An Intraday Analysis," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 6(2), pages 345-374.
    25. McInish, Thomas H & Wood, Robert A, 1992. "An Analysis of Intraday Patterns in Bid/Ask Spreads for NYSE Stocks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 47(2), pages 753-764, June.
    26. Chung, Kee H. & Chuwonganant, Chairat & McCormick, D. Timothy, 2004. "Order preferencing and market quality on NASDAQ before and after decimalization," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(3), pages 581-612, March.
    27. Christine A. Parlour & Duane J. Seppi, 2003. "Liquidity-Based Competition for Order Flow," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 16(2), pages 301-343.
    28. Menkveld, Albert J., 2013. "High frequency trading and the new market makers," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 712-740.
    29. Goettler, Ronald L. & Parlour, Christine A. & Rajan, Uday, 2009. "Informed traders and limit order markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(1), pages 67-87, July.
    30. Bessembinder, Hendrik, 2003. "Quote-based competition and trade execution costs in NYSE-listed stocks," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(3), pages 385-422, December.
    31. Jared F. Egginton & Bonnie F. Van Ness & Robert A. Van Ness, 2016. "Quote Stuffing," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 45(3), pages 583-608, August.
    32. Chan, K C & Christie, William G & Schultz, Paul H, 1995. "Market Structure and the Intraday Pattern of Bid-Ask Spreads for NASDAQ Securities," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 68(1), pages 35-60, January.
    33. Michael Goldstein & Jonathan Brogaard & Terrence Hendershott & Stefan Hunt & Carla Ysusi, 2014. "High-Frequency Trading and the Execution Costs of Institutional Investors," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 49(2), pages 345-369, May.
    34. Terrence Hendershott & Charles M. Jones & Albert J. Menkveld, 2011. "Does Algorithmic Trading Improve Liquidity?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 66(1), pages 1-33, February.
    35. Battalio, Robert & Greene, Jason & Jennings, Robert, 1997. "Do Competing Specialists and Preferencing Dealers Affect Market Quality?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 10(4), pages 969-993.
    36. Michael Goldstein & Elvis Jarnecic & Mark Snape, 2014. "The Provision of Liquidity by High-Frequency Participants," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 49(2), pages 371-394, May.
    37. Bessembinder, Hendrik & Panayides, Marios & Venkataraman, Kumar, 2009. "Hidden liquidity: An analysis of order exposure strategies in electronic stock markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(3), pages 361-383, December.
    38. Michael J. Barclay & William G. Christie & Jeffrey H. Harris & Eugene Kandel & Paul H. Schultz, 1999. "Effects of Market Reform on the Trading Costs and Depths of Nasdaq Stocks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 54(1), pages 1-34, February.
    39. Blume, Marshall E & Goldstein, Michael A, 1997. "Quotes, Order Flow, and Price Discovery," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 52(1), pages 221-244, March.
    40. Tarun Chordia, 2005. "An Empirical Analysis of Stock and Bond Market Liquidity," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 18(1), pages 85-129.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Frank McGroarty & Ash Booth & Enrico Gerding & V. L. Raju Chinthalapati, 2019. "High frequency trading strategies, market fragility and price spikes: an agent based model perspective," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 282(1), pages 217-244, November.
    2. Bastidon, Cécile & Jawadi, Fredj, 2024. "Trade fragmentation and volatility-of-volatility networks," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    3. Hatch, Brian C. & Johnson, Shane A. & Wang, Qin Emma & Zhang, Jun, 2021. "Algorithmic trading and firm value," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
    4. Eduard Silantyev, 2019. "Order flow analysis of cryptocurrency markets," Digital Finance, Springer, vol. 1(1), pages 191-218, November.
    5. Bogousslavsky, Vincent & Muravyev, Dmitriy, 2023. "Who trades at the close? Implications for price discovery and liquidity," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    6. Wilkoff, Sean & Yildiz, Serhat, 2023. "The behavior and determinants of illiquidity in the non-fungible tokens (NFTs) market," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    7. Cox, Justin & Woods, Donovan, 2023. "COVID-19 and market structure dynamics," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    8. Yildiz, Serhat & Van Ness, Bonnie & Van Ness, Robert, 2020. "VPIN, liquidity, and return volatility in the U.S. equity markets," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 45(C).
    9. Hung, Pi-Hsia & Lien, Donald, 2019. "Trading aggressiveness, order execution quality, and stock price movements: Evidence from the Taiwan stock exchange," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 231-251.
    10. Chakrabarty, Bidisha & Pascual, Roberto, 2023. "Stock liquidity and algorithmic market making during the COVID-19 crisis," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    11. Chen, Jian & Haboub, Ahmad & Khan, Ali, 2024. "Limits of arbitrage and their impact on market efficiency: Evidence from China," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    12. Bogoev, Dimitar & Karam, Arzé, 2017. "Detection of algorithmic trading," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 484(C), pages 168-181.
    13. Justin Cox & Bonnie Van Ness & Robert Van Ness, 2022. "The dark side of IPOs: Examining where and who trades in the IPO secondary market," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 51(4), pages 1091-1126, December.
    14. Ramos, Henrique Pinto & Perlin, Marcelo Scherer, 2020. "Does algorithmic trading harm liquidity? Evidence from Brazil," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    15. Ritesh Kumar Dubey & A. Sarath Babu & Rajneesh Ranjan Jha & Urvashi Varma, 2022. "Algorithmic Trading Efficiency and its Impact on Market-Quality," Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, Springer;Japanese Association of Financial Economics and Engineering, vol. 29(3), pages 381-409, September.
    16. Ekinci, Cumhur & Ersan, Oğuz, 2022. "High-frequency trading and market quality: The case of a “slightly exposed” market," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    17. Mousumi Bhattacharya & Sharad Nath Bhattacharya & Sumit Kumar Jha, 2022. "Does time-varying illiquidity matter for the Indian stock market? Evidence from high-frequency data," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 47(2), pages 251-272, May.
    18. Jurich, Stephen N., 2021. "Does off-exchange trading decrease in the presence of uncertainty?," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 201-213.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Suchismita Mishra & Le Zhao, 2021. "Order Routing Decisions for a Fragmented Market: A Review," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-32, November.
    2. Jagjeev Dosanjh, 2017. "Exchange Initiatives and Market Efficiency: Evidence from the Australian Securities Exchange," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 1-2017, January-A.
    3. repec:uts:finphd:34 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Biais, Bruno & Glosten, Larry & Spatt, Chester, 2005. "Market microstructure: A survey of microfoundations, empirical results, and policy implications," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 8(2), pages 217-264, May.
    5. Ben Ammar, Imen & Hellara, Slaheddine & Ghadhab, Imen, 2020. "High-frequency trading and stock liquidity: An intraday analysis," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    6. Hung, Pi-Hsia & Lien, Donald, 2019. "Trading aggressiveness, order execution quality, and stock price movements: Evidence from the Taiwan stock exchange," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 231-251.
    7. Michael Goldstein & Andriy Shkilko & Bonnie Ness & Robert Ness, 2010. "Inter-market competition for NYSE-listed securities under decimals," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 35(4), pages 371-391, November.
    8. Peter Gomber & Satchit Sagade & Erik Theissen & Moritz Christian Weber & Christian Westheide, 2017. "Competition Between Equity Markets: A Review Of The Consolidation Versus Fragmentation Debate," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(3), pages 792-814, July.
    9. Aitken, Michael & Chen, Haoming & Foley, Sean, 2017. "The impact of fragmentation, exchange fees and liquidity provision on market quality," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 140-160.
    10. Watson, Ethan D. & Woods, Donovan, 2022. "Exchange introduction and market competition: The entrance of MEMX and MIAX," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    11. Hendershott, Terrence & Jones, Charles M., 2005. "Trade-through prohibitions and market quality," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 8(1), pages 1-23, February.
    12. Chung, Kee H. & Chuwonganant, Chairat, 2007. "Quote-based competition, market share, and execution quality in NASDAQ-listed securities," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(9), pages 2770-2795, September.
    13. Justin Cox, 2021. "ISO order imbalances and individual stock returns," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 44(1), pages 5-23, April.
    14. Carole Gresse, 2017. "Effects of Lit and Dark Market Fragmentation on Liquidity," Post-Print hal-01631771, HAL.
    15. Craig W. Holden & Stacey Jacobsen & Avanidhar Subrahmanyam, 2014. "The Empirical Analysis of Liquidity," Foundations and Trends(R) in Finance, now publishers, vol. 8(4), pages 263-365, December.
    16. Bernales, Alejandro & Ladley, Daniel & Litos, Evangelos & Valenzuela, Marcela, 2021. "Dark trading and alternative execution priority rules," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 118866, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    17. Gresse, Carole, 2017. "Effects of lit and dark market fragmentation on liquidity," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 1-20.
    18. Carole Gresse, 2011. "Effects of Lit and Dark Market Fragmentation on Liquidity," Post-Print halshs-00641122, HAL.
    19. Baruch, Shmuel & Panayides, Marios & Venkataraman, Kumar, 2017. "Informed trading and price discovery before corporate events," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(3), pages 561-588.
    20. Kam, Tai-Kong & Panchapagesan, Venkatesh & Weaver, Daniel G., 2003. "Competition among markets: The repeal of Rule 390," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(9), pages 1711-1736, September.
    21. Kedia, Simi & Zhou, Xing, 2011. "Local market makers, liquidity and market quality," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 14(4), pages 540-567, November.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Algorithmic traders; High-frequency traders; HFT; Market liquidity; Intraday liquidity; Latency;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G24 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Investment Banking; Venture Capital; Brokerage
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finmar:v:32:y:2017:i:c:p:49-68. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/finmar .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.