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Characterization of liquefaction bio-oil from sewage sludge and its solubilization in diesel microemulsion

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  • Leng, Lijian
  • Yuan, Xingzhong
  • Chen, Xiaohong
  • Huang, Huajun
  • Wang, Hou
  • Li, Hui
  • Zhu, Ren
  • Li, Shanxing
  • Zeng, Guangming

Abstract

Liquefaction bio-oil from sewage sludge using different organic solvent (methanol, ethanol or acetone) at temperature of 260–380 °C was characterized in terms of its elemental and chemical composition, and was further upgraded by microemulsion technology. The bio-oil obtained had high carbon content of 67.60–73.58% and was mainly composed of esters when methanol or ethanol was used as liquefaction solvent, or esters, ketones, alcohols and phenols when acetone was used, meaning its great potential to be used as fuel. Diesel extraction procedure found that ethyl esters were the least diesel-solvable compounds in diesel among the main components of the liquefaction bio-oil, while methyl esters were extracted completely. The bio-oil obtained with methanol as solvent, compared to acetone or ethanol, and the bio-oil obtained at higher liquefaction temperature was easier to be upgraded by water/diesel microemulsion in terms of Span 80 consumption. In addition, the stability mechanism of the component of liquefaction bio-oil in the water/diesel/bio-oil microemulsion was proposed. The diesel-insolvable fractions, e.g. part of ethyl esters, were probably solubilized in the water phase or inserted between surfactants; while the diesel-solvable fractions, e.g. methyl esters, part of ethyl esters, ketones, alcohols and phenols, were probably dissolved in the diesel phase.

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  • Leng, Lijian & Yuan, Xingzhong & Chen, Xiaohong & Huang, Huajun & Wang, Hou & Li, Hui & Zhu, Ren & Li, Shanxing & Zeng, Guangming, 2015. "Characterization of liquefaction bio-oil from sewage sludge and its solubilization in diesel microemulsion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 218-228.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:82:y:2015:i:c:p:218-228
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.01.032
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    6. Leng, Lijian & Han, Pei & Yuan, Xingzhong & Li, Jun & Zhou, Wenguang, 2018. "Biodiesel microemulsion upgrading and thermogravimetric study of bio-oil produced by liquefaction of different sludges," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 1061-1072.
    7. Leng, Lijian & Li, Hui & Yuan, Xingzhong & Zhou, Wenguang & Huang, Huajun, 2018. "Bio-oil upgrading by emulsification/microemulsification: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 214-232.
    8. Xu, Donghai & Wang, Yang & Lin, Guike & Guo, Shuwei & Wang, Shuzhong & Wu, Zhiqiang, 2019. "Co-hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae and sewage sludge in subcritical water: Ash effects on bio-oil production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 1143-1151.
    9. Lin, Kuo-Hsiung & Lai, Nina & Zeng, Jun-Yan & Chiang, Hung-Lung, 2020. "Microwave-pyrolysis treatment of biosludge from a chemical industrial wastewater treatment plant for exploring product characteristics and potential energy recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    10. Yuan, Xingzhong & Ding, Xiaowei & Leng, Lijian & Li, Hui & Shao, Jianguang & Qian, Yingying & Huang, Huajun & Chen, Xiaohong & Zeng, Guangming, 2018. "Applications of bio-oil-based emulsions in a DI diesel engine: The effects of bio-oil compositions on engine performance and emissions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 110-118.
    11. David Längauer & Yu-Ying Lin & Wei-Hsin Chen & Chao-Wen Wang & Michal Šafář & Vladimír Čablík, 2018. "Simultaneous Extraction and Emulsification of Food Waste Liquefaction Bio-Oil," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-13, November.
    12. Chen, Hui & Chen, Dezhen & Hong, Liu, 2015. "Influences of activation agent impregnated sewage sludge pyrolysis on emission characteristics of volatile combustion and De-NOx performance of activated char," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 767-775.
    13. Liang, Jie & Qian, Yingying & Yuan, Xingzhong & Leng, Lijian & Zeng, Guangming & Jiang, Longbo & Shao, Jianguang & Luo, Yuan & Ding, Xiaowei & Yang, Zhaoxue & Li, Xuemei, 2018. "Span80/Tween80 stabilized bio-oil-in-diesel microemulsion: Formation and combustion," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 774-782.
    14. Huang, Hua-jun & Chang, Yan-chao & Lai, Fa-ying & Zhou, Chun-fei & Pan, Zi-qian & Xiao, Xiao-feng & Wang, Jia-xin & Zhou, Chun-huo, 2019. "Co-liquefaction of sewage sludge and rice straw/wood sawdust: The effect of process parameters on the yields/properties of bio-oil and biochar products," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 140-150.

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