IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v288y2024ics0360544223030360.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Exploring the location and use of baseload district heating supply. What can current heat sources tell us about future opportunities?

Author

Listed:
  • Moreno, Diana
  • Nielsen, Steffen
  • Sorknæs, Peter
  • Lund, Henrik
  • Thellufsen, Jakob Zinck
  • Mathiesen, Brian Vad

Abstract

The decentralization of energy production and recovery of excess heat (EH) to reach climate targets is essential for renewable and fully decarbonized heating systems. This paper identifies current and potential industrial EH sources providing baseload capacity for district heating (DH) systems. These sources are evaluated by sector and process for supplying baseload capacities explored for current 3rd generation district heating (3GDH) and 4th generation district heating (4GDH) systems with lower grid temperatures and losses, with and without expansions. The method combines geographical analysis and available baseload capacity estimations for 360 Danish DH systems scenario-making and an additional sensitivity analysis evaluating baseload capacity full-load hours. It is found that 80 % of Danish DH systems have an unmet baseload capacity of 50 % or higher. Half of the systems have geothermal capacity available and up to 20 % of industrial EH baseload capacity potential, which sums up to 5 PJ of EH potential within a 2 km distance. The findings also suggest that there is an additional opportunity for the placement of future energy infrastructure able to supply EH, which is highly contextual and strategic in heat planning, particularly considering the future development of sustainable and energy-efficient DH systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Moreno, Diana & Nielsen, Steffen & Sorknæs, Peter & Lund, Henrik & Thellufsen, Jakob Zinck & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2024. "Exploring the location and use of baseload district heating supply. What can current heat sources tell us about future opportunities?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:288:y:2024:i:c:s0360544223030360
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.129642
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544223030360
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2023.129642?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Münster, Marie & Morthorst, Poul Erik & Larsen, Helge V. & Bregnbæk, Lars & Werling, Jesper & Lindboe, Hans Henrik & Ravn, Hans, 2012. "The role of district heating in the future Danish energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 47-55.
    2. Østergaard, Dorte Skaarup & Smith, Kevin Michael & Tunzi, Michele & Svendsen, Svend, 2022. "Low-temperature operation of heating systems to enable 4th generation district heating: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    3. Sorknæs, Peter & Nielsen, Steffen & Lund, Henrik & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Moreno, Diana & Thellufsen, Jakob Zinck, 2022. "The benefits of 4th generation district heating and energy efficient datacentres," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    4. Lund, Rasmus & Persson, Urban, 2016. "Mapping of potential heat sources for heat pumps for district heating in Denmark," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 129-138.
    5. Thellufsen, J.Z. & Lund, H. & Sorknæs, P. & Østergaard, P.A. & Chang, M. & Drysdale, D. & Nielsen, S. & Djørup, S.R. & Sperling, K., 2020. "Smart energy cities in a 100% renewable energy context," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    6. Lund, H. & Möller, B. & Mathiesen, B.V. & Dyrelund, A., 2010. "The role of district heating in future renewable energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1381-1390.
    7. Lund, Henrik & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Chang, Miguel & Werner, Sven & Svendsen, Svend & Sorknæs, Peter & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mortensen, Bent Ole Gram & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Boje, 2018. "The status of 4th generation district heating: Research and results," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 147-159.
    8. Johansen, Katinka & Werner, Sven, 2022. "Something is sustainable in the state of Denmark: A review of the Danish district heating sector," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    9. Kristina Lygnerud & Sarka Langer, 2022. "Urban Sustainability: Recovering and Utilizing Urban Excess Heat," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-11, December.
    10. Möller, Bernd & Lund, Henrik, 2010. "Conversion of individual natural gas to district heating: Geographical studies of supply costs and consequences for the Danish energy system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(6), pages 1846-1857, June.
    11. Connolly, D. & Lund, H. & Mathiesen, B.V. & Werner, S. & Möller, B. & Persson, U. & Boermans, T. & Trier, D. & Østergaard, P.A. & Nielsen, S., 2014. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Combining district heating with heat savings to decarbonise the EU energy system," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 475-489.
    12. Persson, U. & Möller, B. & Werner, S., 2014. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Identifying strategic heat synergy regions," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 663-681.
    13. Mathiesen, B.V. & Lund, H. & Connolly, D. & Wenzel, H. & Østergaard, P.A. & Möller, B. & Nielsen, S. & Ridjan, I. & Karnøe, P. & Sperling, K. & Hvelplund, F.K., 2015. "Smart Energy Systems for coherent 100% renewable energy and transport solutions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 139-154.
    14. Möller, Bernd & Wiechers, Eva & Persson, Urban & Grundahl, Lars & Lund, Rasmus Søgaard & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2019. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Towards EU-Wide, local heat supply strategies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 554-564.
    15. Steffen Nielsen & Kenneth Hansen & Rasmus Lund & Diana Moreno, 2020. "Unconventional Excess Heat Sources for District Heating in a National Energy System Context," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-18, September.
    16. Jodeiri, A.M. & Goldsworthy, M.J. & Buffa, S. & Cozzini, M., 2022. "Role of sustainable heat sources in transition towards fourth generation district heating – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    17. Steffen Nielsen & Lars Grundahl, 2018. "District Heating Expansion Potential with Low-Temperature and End-Use Heat Savings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-17, January.
    18. Lin, Yuancheng & Chong, Chin Hao & Ma, Linwei & Li, Zheng & Ni, Weidou, 2022. "Quantification of waste heat potential in China: A top-down Societal Waste Heat Accounting Model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).
    19. Werner, Sven, 2017. "International review of district heating and cooling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 617-631.
    20. Bühler, Fabian & Petrović, Stefan & Karlsson, Kenneth & Elmegaard, Brian, 2017. "Industrial excess heat for district heating in Denmark," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 991-1001.
    21. Sorknæs, Peter & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Thellufsen, Jakob Zinck & Lund, Henrik & Nielsen, Steffen & Djørup, Søren & Sperling, Karl, 2020. "The benefits of 4th generation district heating in a 100% renewable energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    22. Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Lund, Henrik & Connolly, David, 2012. "Limiting biomass consumption for heating in 100% renewable energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 160-168.
    23. Wolfgang Loibl & Romana Stollnberger & Doris Österreicher, 2017. "Residential Heat Supply by Waste-Heat Re-Use: Sources, Supply Potential and Demand Coverage—A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-19, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mengting Jiang & Camilo Rindt & David M. J. Smeulders, 2022. "Optimal Planning of Future District Heating Systems—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-38, September.
    2. Østergaard, P.A. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Sorknæs, P. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2022. "Review and validation of EnergyPLAN," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    3. Johansen, Katinka & Werner, Sven, 2022. "Something is sustainable in the state of Denmark: A review of the Danish district heating sector," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    4. Nis Bertelsen & Brian Vad Mathiesen, 2020. "EU-28 Residential Heat Supply and Consumption: Historical Development and Status," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-21, April.
    5. Bühler, Fabian & Petrović, Stefan & Holm, Fridolin Müller & Karlsson, Kenneth & Elmegaard, Brian, 2018. "Spatiotemporal and economic analysis of industrial excess heat as a resource for district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 715-728.
    6. Manz, Pia & Billerbeck, Anna & Kök, Ali & Fallahnejad, Mostafa & Fleiter, Tobias & Kranzl, Lukas & Braungardt, Sibylle & Eichhammer, Wolfgang, 2024. "Spatial analysis of renewable and excess heat potentials for climate-neutral district heating in Europe," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    7. Sorknæs, Peter & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Thellufsen, Jakob Zinck & Lund, Henrik & Nielsen, Steffen & Djørup, Søren & Sperling, Karl, 2020. "The benefits of 4th generation district heating in a 100% renewable energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    8. Persson, Urban & Wiechers, Eva & Möller, Bernd & Werner, Sven, 2019. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Heat distribution costs," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 604-622.
    9. Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Andersen, Anders N., 2021. "Variable taxes promoting district heating heat pump flexibility," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    10. Golmohamadi, Hessam & Larsen, Kim Guldstrand & Jensen, Peter Gjøl & Hasrat, Imran Riaz, 2022. "Integration of flexibility potentials of district heating systems into electricity markets: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    11. David Maya-Drysdale & Louise Krog Jensen & Brian Vad Mathiesen, 2020. "Energy Vision Strategies for the EU Green New Deal: A Case Study of European Cities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-20, May.
    12. Möller, Bernd & Wiechers, Eva & Persson, Urban & Grundahl, Lars & Connolly, David, 2018. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Identifying local heat demand and supply areas with a European thermal atlas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 281-292.
    13. Grundahl, Lars & Nielsen, Steffen & Lund, Henrik & Möller, Bernd, 2016. "Comparison of district heating expansion potential based on consumer-economy or socio-economy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P3), pages 1771-1778.
    14. Bühler, Fabian & Petrović, Stefan & Karlsson, Kenneth & Elmegaard, Brian, 2017. "Industrial excess heat for district heating in Denmark," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 991-1001.
    15. Yuan, Meng & Vad Mathiesen, Brian & Schneider, Noémi & Xia, Jianjun & Zheng, Wen & Sorknæs, Peter & Lund, Henrik & Zhang, Lipeng, 2024. "Renewable energy and waste heat recovery in district heating systems in China: A systematic review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    16. Mc Guire, Jason & Petrović, Stefan N. & Daly, Hannah & Rogan, Fionn & Smith, Andrew & Balyk, Olexandr, 2024. "Is District Heating a cost-effective solution to decarbonise Irish buildings?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    17. Petrović, Stefan & Bühler, Fabian & Radoman, Uroš & McKenna, Russell, 2022. "Power transformers as excess heat sources – a case study for Denmark," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PE).
    18. Lund, Henrik & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Chang, Miguel & Werner, Sven & Svendsen, Svend & Sorknæs, Peter & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mortensen, Bent Ole Gram & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Boje, 2018. "The status of 4th generation district heating: Research and results," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 147-159.
    19. Pardo-Bosch, Francesc & Blanco, Ana & Mendoza, Nora & Libreros, Bibiana & Tejedor, Blanca & Pujadas, Pablo, 2023. "Sustainable deployment of energy efficient district heating: city business model," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
    20. Mathiesen, B.V. & Lund, H. & Connolly, D. & Wenzel, H. & Østergaard, P.A. & Möller, B. & Nielsen, S. & Ridjan, I. & Karnøe, P. & Sperling, K. & Hvelplund, F.K., 2015. "Smart Energy Systems for coherent 100% renewable energy and transport solutions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 139-154.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:288:y:2024:i:c:s0360544223030360. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.