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Numerical study of the loss and power prediction based on a modified non-equilibrium condensation model in a 200 MW industrial-scale steam turbine under different operation conditions

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  • Zhang, Guojie
  • Wang, Xiaogang
  • Jin, Zunlong
  • Dykas, Sławomir
  • Smołka, Krystian

Abstract

Condensation is a very prevalent phenomenon both in nature and technology. It has a significant influence on the power and losses of the steam turbine for instance. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the effect of condensing flows on steam turbine losses and power, given the fact that the steam turbine is a common machine in many types of power plants based on fossil fuel combustion and nuclear or solar energy. This work aims to address the gaps in existing literature by presenting a comprehensive classification of losses caused by condensation in a 200 MW industrial-scale steam turbine low-pressure stage. Our study not only predicts the proportion of each loss type but also analyzes the impact of the gas model on condensation losses in detail. Firstly, a non-equilibrium condensation model is presented and the reliability and accuracy of the model is checked by comparing its results with the available experimental data in a nozzle and a steam turbine cascade. Secondly, the influence of the gas model on the losses is analysed in the nozzle. It is found that the CFD results of calculations using the real gas model fit the experimental data better than those obtained with the use of the ideal gas model. Also, the expansion line (process line) calculated by the real gas model is more reasonable, which indicates that the real gas model should be adopted in the condensation numerical calculation. Besides, the loss coefficients and efficiency are used to make a quantitative assessment of the CFD results. At last, the effect of the adiabatic and the non-adiabatic flow (considering non-equilibrium condensation) on the turbine performance is investigated numerically under a part-load (140 MW) and an over-load (216 MW) in a 200 MW industrial-scale steam turbine. It can be expected that the coexistence of aerodynamic and thermodynamic losses must lead to an interaction between them and in consequence to difficulties in loss identification in condensing steam flows. Besides, the thermal efficiency taking account of condensation decreases by about 0.7% compared with that ignoring the condensation phenomenon in part-load operating conditions, but the power value is slightly higher than that obtained if condensation is ignored, increasing by about 0.1 MW. However, it is not only thermal efficiency that drops substantially, but the obtained power is also reduced by approximately 0.42 MW under the over-load. It can be concluded that the power loss due to condensation can be reduced through an adequate decrease in overall power. The conclusions obtained from this work can provide the fundamental guidance for the industrial-scale steam turbine operation.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Guojie & Wang, Xiaogang & Jin, Zunlong & Dykas, Sławomir & Smołka, Krystian, 2023. "Numerical study of the loss and power prediction based on a modified non-equilibrium condensation model in a 200 MW industrial-scale steam turbine under different operation conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:275:y:2023:i:c:s0360544223009246
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.127530
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Zhang, Guojie & Dykas, Sławomir & Li, Pan & Li, Hang & Wang, Junlei, 2020. "Accurate condensing steam flow modeling in the ejector of the solar-driven refrigeration system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Hu, Pengfei & Liang, Qi & Fan, Tiantian & Wang, Yanhong & Li, Qi, 2024. "Investigation of heterogeneous condensation flow characteristics in the steam turbine based on homogeneous-heterogeneous condensation coupling model using OpenFOAM," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    2. Hosseini, Seyed Ali & Lakzian, Esmail & Zarei, Daryoush & Zare, Mehdi, 2024. "Design and optimization of slot number in supercooled vapor suction in steam turbine blades for reducing the wetness," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    3. Zhang, Guojie & Li, Yunpeng & Jin, Zunlong & Dykas, Sławomir & Cai, Xiaoshu, 2024. "A novel carbon dioxide capture technology (CCT) based on non-equilibrium condensation characteristics: Numerical modelling, nozzle design and structure optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    4. Zhang, Guojie & Yang, Yifan & Chen, Jiaheng & Jin, Zunlong & Majkut, Mirosław & Smołka, Krystian & Dykas, Sławomir, 2023. "Effect of relative humidity on the nozzle performance in non-equilibrium condensing flows for improving the compressed air energy storage technology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    5. Zhang, Guojie & Yang, Yifan & Chen, Jiaheng & Jin, Zunlong & Dykas, Sławomir, 2024. "Numerical study of heterogeneous condensation in the de Laval nozzle to guide the compressor performance optimization in a compressed air energy storage system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 356(C).
    6. Zhang, Guojie & Wang, Xiaogang & Chen, Jiaheng & Tang, Songzhen & Smołka, Krystian & Majkut, Mirosław & Jin, Zunlong & Dykas, Sławomir, 2023. "Supersonic nozzle performance prediction considering the homogeneous-heterogeneous coupling spontaneous non-equilibrium condensation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).

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