IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v246y2022ics0360544222003073.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Deep learning enabled state-of-charge estimation of LiFePO4 batteries: A systematic validation on state-of-the-art charging protocols

Author

Listed:
  • Hu, Chunsheng
  • Ma, Liang
  • Guo, Shanshan
  • Guo, Gangsheng
  • Han, Zhiqiang

Abstract

LiFePO4 batteries generally face a challenge of inaccurate state of charge (SoC) estimation due to the plateaus existing in the middle range of the open circuit voltage (OCV)-SoC curve. Generally, conventional SoC estimation methods are not capable of accurately estimating the SoC in this range. In this paper, a deep neural network (DNN) is constructed to estimate the SoC in the charging process. Battery data collected from five state-of-the-art charging protocols at 10 °C, 25 °C and 40 °C are used to train the DNN. The developed DNN can be used for online SoC estimation subsequently. This estimated SoC can serve as the initial SoC of the ampere-hour counting method to calculate the SoC of the discharging process. The overall maximum error and the root mean square error of the SoC estimation over charging process are within 2.5% and 0.8%, respectively. In addition, the input depth of time from 10 s to 100 s with a 10 s interval is investigated. The maximum error is less than 5% in the case of the depth time within 100 s and the error fall to 2% when the depth of time reaches 90 s.

Suggested Citation

  • Hu, Chunsheng & Ma, Liang & Guo, Shanshan & Guo, Gangsheng & Han, Zhiqiang, 2022. "Deep learning enabled state-of-charge estimation of LiFePO4 batteries: A systematic validation on state-of-the-art charging protocols," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:246:y:2022:i:c:s0360544222003073
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.123404
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544222003073
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2022.123404?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Abdel-Monem, Mohamed & Trad, Khiem & Omar, Noshin & Hegazy, Omar & Van den Bossche, Peter & Van Mierlo, Joeri, 2017. "Influence analysis of static and dynamic fast-charging current profiles on ageing performance of commercial lithium-ion batteries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 179-191.
    2. Li Zhang & Min Zheng & Dajun Du & Yihuan Li & Minrui Fei & Yuanjun Guo & Kang Li, 2020. "State-of-Charge Estimation of Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Based on Improved RBF Neural Networks," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2020, pages 1-10, December.
    3. Shehzar Shahzad Sheikh & Mahnoor Anjum & Muhammad Abdullah Khan & Syed Ali Hassan & Hassan Abdullah Khalid & Adel Gastli & Lazhar Ben-Brahim, 2020. "A Battery Health Monitoring Method Using Machine Learning: A Data-Driven Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-16, July.
    4. Tian, Jinpeng & Xiong, Rui & Shen, Weixiang & Lu, Jiahuan, 2021. "State-of-charge estimation of LiFePO4 batteries in electric vehicles: A deep-learning enabled approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 291(C).
    5. Li, Yi & Liu, Kailong & Foley, Aoife M. & Zülke, Alana & Berecibar, Maitane & Nanini-Maury, Elise & Van Mierlo, Joeri & Hoster, Harry E., 2019. "Data-driven health estimation and lifetime prediction of lithium-ion batteries: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1-1.
    6. Deng, Zhongwei & Yang, Lin & Cai, Yishan & Deng, Hao & Sun, Liu, 2016. "Online available capacity prediction and state of charge estimation based on advanced data-driven algorithms for lithium iron phosphate battery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 469-480.
    7. Fan, Xinyuan & Zhang, Weige & Sun, Bingxiang & Zhang, Junwei & He, Xitian, 2022. "Battery pack consistency modeling based on generative adversarial networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PE).
    8. Deng, Zhongwei & Hu, Xiaosong & Lin, Xianke & Che, Yunhong & Xu, Le & Guo, Wenchao, 2020. "Data-driven state of charge estimation for lithium-ion battery packs based on Gaussian process regression," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    9. Yang, Fangfang & Li, Weihua & Li, Chuan & Miao, Qiang, 2019. "State-of-charge estimation of lithium-ion batteries based on gated recurrent neural network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 66-75.
    10. Shen, Sheng & Sadoughi, Mohammadkazem & Li, Meng & Wang, Zhengdao & Hu, Chao, 2020. "Deep convolutional neural networks with ensemble learning and transfer learning for capacity estimation of lithium-ion batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    11. Xing, Yinjiao & He, Wei & Pecht, Michael & Tsui, Kwok Leung, 2014. "State of charge estimation of lithium-ion batteries using the open-circuit voltage at various ambient temperatures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 106-115.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Wang, Limei & Sun, Jingjing & Cai, Yingfeng & Lian, Yubo & Jin, Mengjie & Zhao, Xiuliang & Wang, Ruochen & Chen, Long & Chen, Jun, 2023. "A novel OCV curve reconstruction and update method of lithium-ion batteries at different temperatures based on cloud data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    2. Zafar, Muhammad Hamza & Mansoor, Majad & Abou Houran, Mohamad & Khan, Noman Mujeeb & Khan, Kamran & Raza Moosavi, Syed Kumayl & Sanfilippo, Filippo, 2023. "Hybrid deep learning model for efficient state of charge estimation of Li-ion batteries in electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    3. Semeraro, Concetta & Caggiano, Mariateresa & Olabi, Abdul-Ghani & Dassisti, Michele, 2022. "Battery monitoring and prognostics optimization techniques: Challenges and opportunities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    4. Chen, Junxiong & Zhang, Yu & Wu, Ji & Cheng, Weisong & Zhu, Qiao, 2023. "SOC estimation for lithium-ion battery using the LSTM-RNN with extended input and constrained output," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PA).
    5. Buchicchio, Emanuele & De Angelis, Alessio & Santoni, Francesco & Carbone, Paolo & Bianconi, Francesco & Smeraldi, Fabrizio, 2023. "Battery SOC estimation from EIS data based on machine learning and equivalent circuit model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    6. Duan, Linchao & Zhang, Xugang & Jiang, Zhigang & Gong, Qingshan & Wang, Yan & Ao, Xiuyi, 2023. "State of charge estimation of lithium-ion batteries based on second-order adaptive extended Kalman filter with correspondence analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    7. Kurucan, Mehmet & Özbaltan, Mete & Yetgin, Zeki & Alkaya, Alkan, 2024. "Applications of artificial neural network based battery management systems: A literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    8. Qian, Cheng & Guan, Hongsheng & Xu, Binghui & Xia, Quan & Sun, Bo & Ren, Yi & Wang, Zili, 2024. "A CNN-SAM-LSTM hybrid neural network for multi-state estimation of lithium-ion batteries under dynamical operating conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Semeraro, Concetta & Caggiano, Mariateresa & Olabi, Abdul-Ghani & Dassisti, Michele, 2022. "Battery monitoring and prognostics optimization techniques: Challenges and opportunities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    2. Deng, Zhongwei & Xu, Le & Liu, Hongao & Hu, Xiaosong & Duan, Zhixuan & Xu, Yu, 2023. "Prognostics of battery capacity based on charging data and data-driven methods for on-road vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 339(C).
    3. Guo, Ruohan & Shen, Weixiang, 2022. "A data-model fusion method for online state of power estimation of lithium-ion batteries at high discharge rate in electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PA).
    4. Takyi-Aninakwa, Paul & Wang, Shunli & Zhang, Hongying & Yang, Xiaoyong & Fernandez, Carlos, 2022. "An optimized long short-term memory-weighted fading extended Kalman filtering model with wide temperature adaptation for the state of charge estimation of lithium-ion batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).
    5. Chen, Zheng & Zhao, Hongqian & Shu, Xing & Zhang, Yuanjian & Shen, Jiangwei & Liu, Yonggang, 2021. "Synthetic state of charge estimation for lithium-ion batteries based on long short-term memory network modeling and adaptive H-Infinity filter," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    6. Sun, Daoming & Yu, Xiaoli & Wang, Chongming & Zhang, Cheng & Huang, Rui & Zhou, Quan & Amietszajew, Taz & Bhagat, Rohit, 2021. "State of charge estimation for lithium-ion battery based on an Intelligent Adaptive Extended Kalman Filter with improved noise estimator," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    7. Kong, Jin-zhen & Yang, Fangfang & Zhang, Xi & Pan, Ershun & Peng, Zhike & Wang, Dong, 2021. "Voltage-temperature health feature extraction to improve prognostics and health management of lithium-ion batteries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    8. Sui, Xin & He, Shan & Vilsen, Søren B. & Meng, Jinhao & Teodorescu, Remus & Stroe, Daniel-Ioan, 2021. "A review of non-probabilistic machine learning-based state of health estimation techniques for Lithium-ion battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    9. Li, Jinwen & Deng, Zhongwei & Liu, Hongao & Xie, Yi & Liu, Chuan & Lu, Chen, 2022. "Battery capacity trajectory prediction by capturing the correlation between different vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    10. Jiang, Bo & Tao, Siyi & Wang, Xueyuan & Zhu, Jiangong & Wei, Xuezhe & Dai, Haifeng, 2023. "Mechanics-based state of charge estimation for lithium-ion pouch battery using deep learning technique," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PA).
    11. Li, Qingbo & Lu, Taolin & Lai, Chunyan & Li, Jiwei & Pan, Long & Ma, Changjun & Zhu, Yunpeng & Xie, Jingying, 2024. "Lithium-ion battery capacity estimation based on fragment charging data using deep residual shrinkage networks and uncertainty evaluation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    12. Che, Yunhong & Deng, Zhongwei & Li, Penghua & Tang, Xiaolin & Khosravinia, Kavian & Lin, Xianke & Hu, Xiaosong, 2022. "State of health prognostics for series battery packs: A universal deep learning method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PB).
    13. Wang, Yujie & Tian, Jiaqiang & Sun, Zhendong & Wang, Li & Xu, Ruilong & Li, Mince & Chen, Zonghai, 2020. "A comprehensive review of battery modeling and state estimation approaches for advanced battery management systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    14. Yan Cheng & Xuesen Zhang & Xiaoqiang Wang & Jianhua Li, 2022. "Battery State of Charge Estimation Based on Composite Multiscale Wavelet Transform," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-16, March.
    15. Li, Feng & Zuo, Wei & Zhou, Kun & Li, Qingqing & Huang, Yuhan & Zhang, Guangde, 2024. "State-of-charge estimation of lithium-ion battery based on second order resistor-capacitance circuit-PSO-TCN model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    16. Wei, Meng & Ye, Min & Zhang, Chuanwei & Li, Yan & Zhang, Jiale & Wang, Qiao, 2023. "A multi-scale learning approach for remaining useful life prediction of lithium-ion batteries based on variational mode decomposition and Monte Carlo sampling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    17. He, Lin & Wang, Yangyang & Wei, Yujiang & Wang, Mingwei & Hu, Xiaosong & Shi, Qin, 2022. "An adaptive central difference Kalman filter approach for state of charge estimation by fractional order model of lithium-ion battery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PA).
    18. Mehta, Rohit & Gupta, Amit, 2024. "Mathematical modelling of electrochemical, thermal and degradation processes in lithium-ion cells—A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    19. Fan, Xinyuan & Zhang, Weige & Zhang, Caiping & Chen, Anci & An, Fulai, 2022. "SOC estimation of Li-ion battery using convolutional neural network with U-Net architecture," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    20. Kurucan, Mehmet & Özbaltan, Mete & Yetgin, Zeki & Alkaya, Alkan, 2024. "Applications of artificial neural network based battery management systems: A literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:246:y:2022:i:c:s0360544222003073. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.