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Performance enhancement of pumped storage units for system frequency support based on a novel small signal model

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  • Zhao, Zhigao
  • Yang, Jiandong
  • Chung, C.Y.
  • Yang, Weijia
  • He, Xianghui
  • Chen, Man

Abstract

The fast and stable regulation of pumped storage is a basic guarantee for supporting various scenarios of renewable energy system. The operator pursues sensitive tracking performance, while underestimates the dynamic characteristics of hydraulic system and damping characteristics of pumped storage unit (PSU). These may aggravate the wear-tear of PSU operation, and decrease the frequency stability of power system. Therefore, a systematical study of improving overall regulation performance is conducted by applying PSU modeling, co-optimization and operation evaluation. First, the novel small signal model is proposed and the high-order hydraulic damping model is further derived. Apart from the ultra-low frequency oscillation mode, a new frequency oscillation mode caused by surge tanks is captured. Second, the co-optimization strategy is presented to coordinate the stability-tracking conflict. And then a comprehensive evaluation model, integrating 14 indicators is conducted to quantify the PSU performance and its contribution to power system, driving the favorable decision making of operators. Compared with the original scheme, the overall performance of PSU is improved by 20.76%, at the cost of 10.88% tracking capacity. The comparison of three measures including 12 scenarios verifies the competitive advantage of co-optimization strategy in multi-machine system. This paper supplies a novel tool for performance enhancement of PSU. It may have potential value in the stability of renewable energy systems with multiple hydropower units.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhao, Zhigao & Yang, Jiandong & Chung, C.Y. & Yang, Weijia & He, Xianghui & Chen, Man, 2021. "Performance enhancement of pumped storage units for system frequency support based on a novel small signal model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:234:y:2021:i:c:s0360544221014559
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.121207
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    6. Zhu, Hongtao & Gao, Xueping & Liu, Yinzhu & Liu, Shuai, 2023. "Numerical and experimental assessment of the water discharge segment in a pumped-storage power station," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    7. Shi, Yousong & Zhou, Jianzhong & Guo, Wencheng & Zheng, Yang & Li, Chaoshun & Zhang, Yongchuan, 2022. "Nonlinear dynamic characteristics analysis and adaptive avoid vortex-coordinated optimal control of hydropower units under grid connection," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 911-930.
    8. Li, Xuehan & Wang, Wei & Ye, Lingling & Ren, Guorui & Fang, Fang & Liu, Jizhen & Chen, Zhe & Zhou, Qiang, 2024. "Improving frequency regulation ability for a wind-thermal power system by multi-objective optimized sliding mode control design," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
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    10. Nan Zhang & Xiaoming Xue & Na Sun & Yanhui Gu & Wei Jiang & Chaoshun Li, 2022. "Nonlinear Modeling and Stability of a Doubly-Fed Variable Speed Pumped Storage Power Station with Surge Tank Considering Nonlinear Pump Turbine Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-24, June.
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    13. Ma, Weichao & Yan, Wenjie & Yang, Jiebin & He, Xianghui & Yang, Jiandong & Yang, Weijia, 2022. "Experimental and numerical investigation on head losses of a complex throttled surge tank for refined hydropower plant simulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 264-279.

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