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Experimental investigation of theoretical stability regions for ultra-low frequency oscillations of hydropower generating systems

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  • Yang, Weijia
  • Yang, Jiandong
  • Zeng, Wei
  • Tang, Renbo
  • Hou, Liangyu
  • Ma, Anting
  • Zhao, Zhigao
  • Peng, Yumin

Abstract

With the increasing momentum towards flexible power systems based on renewables, the role of hydropower has great importance, especially for providing balancing power. In this paper, a fundamental study on the operating stability of hydropower generating systems is conducted to reveal the practical characteristics for the newly emergent issue of ultra-low frequency oscillations. A unique study methodology is adapted by combing the theoretical analysis and the physical model experiment. In this paper, first, the set-up of the integral experiment platform for the transient processes of the pumped storage plants is presented. Second, a mathematical model of hydropower generating systems is built, and the theoretical stability analysis is conducted based on the Routh-Hurwitz criterion and the stability margin region. The model experiments related to the frequency stability of hydropower generating systems were conducted with reference to the stability region from theoretical analysis. The results demonstrate the sustained ultra-low frequency oscillations and frequency instability of hydropower units in experiments for the first time. Attenuation characteristics of the oscillations are theoretically derived based on the stability margin region, and then quantitatively identified by experiments. The experiment accorded with theoretical stability region within a reasonable tolerance that corresponded to the ±0.1 stability margin.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Weijia & Yang, Jiandong & Zeng, Wei & Tang, Renbo & Hou, Liangyu & Ma, Anting & Zhao, Zhigao & Peng, Yumin, 2019. "Experimental investigation of theoretical stability regions for ultra-low frequency oscillations of hydropower generating systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:186:y:2019:i:c:s0360544219314884
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.07.146
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    1. Lu, Xueding & Li, Chaoshun & Liu, Dong & Zhu, Zhiwei & Tan, Xiaoqiang, 2022. "Influence of water diversion system topologies and operation scenarios on the damping characteristics of hydropower units under ultra-low frequency oscillations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PE).
    2. Huang, Yifan & Yang, Weijia & Liao, Yiwen & Zhao, Zhigao & Ma, Weichao & Yang, Jiebin & Yang, Jiandong, 2022. "Improved transfer function method for flexible simulation of hydraulic-mechanical-electrical transient processes of hydro-power plants," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 390-404.
    3. Zhang, Jingjing & Mahmud, Apel & Govaerts, Willy & Chen, Diyi & Xu, Beibei & Xiong, Hualin, 2020. "Sensitivity analysis and low frequency oscillations for bifurcation scenarios in a hydraulic generating system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 334-344.
    4. Xin Wu & Yanhe Xu & Jie Liu & Cong Lv & Jianzhong Zhou & Qing Zhang, 2019. "Characteristics Analysis and Fuzzy Fractional-Order PID Parameter Optimization for Primary Frequency Modulation of a Pumped Storage Unit Based on a Multi-Objective Gravitational Search Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-20, December.
    5. Jianxu Zhou & Chaoqun Li & Yutong Mao, 2023. "Discussion on Operational Stability of Governor Turbine Hydraulic System Considering Effect of Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-17, May.
    6. Yu, Xiaodong & Yang, Xiuwei & Yu, Chao & Zhang, Jian & Tian, Yuan, 2021. "Direct approach to optimize PID controller parameters of hydropower plants," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 342-350.
    7. Zhao, Zhigao & Yang, Jiandong & Chung, C.Y. & Yang, Weijia & He, Xianghui & Chen, Man, 2021. "Performance enhancement of pumped storage units for system frequency support based on a novel small signal model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    8. Liu, Dong & Li, Chaoshun & Malik, O.P., 2021. "Nonlinear modeling and multi-scale damping characteristics of hydro-turbine regulation systems under complex variable hydraulic and electrical network structures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    9. Zhao, Zhigao & Yang, Jiandong & Huang, Yifan & Yang, Weijia & Ma, Weichao & Hou, Liangyu & Chen, Man, 2021. "Improvement of regulation quality for hydro-dominated power system: quantifying oscillation characteristic and multi-objective optimization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 606-631.
    10. Lu, Xueding & Li, Chaoshun & Liu, Dong & Zhu, Zhiwei & Tan, Xiaoqiang & Xu, Rongli, 2023. "Comprehensive stability analysis of complex hydropower system under flexible operating conditions based on a fast stability domain solving method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    11. Shi, Yousong & Zhou, Jianzhong & Guo, Wencheng & Zheng, Yang & Li, Chaoshun & Zhang, Yongchuan, 2022. "Nonlinear dynamic characteristics analysis and adaptive avoid vortex-coordinated optimal control of hydropower units under grid connection," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 911-930.
    12. Liu, Dong & Li, Chaoshun & Tan, Xiaoqiang & Lu, Xueding & Malik, O.P., 2021. "Damping characteristics analysis of hydropower units under full operating conditions and control parameters: Accurate quantitative evaluation based on refined models," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    13. Yoro, Kelvin O. & Daramola, Michael O. & Sekoai, Patrick T. & Wilson, Uwemedimo N. & Eterigho-Ikelegbe, Orevaoghene, 2021. "Update on current approaches, challenges, and prospects of modeling and simulation in renewable and sustainable energy systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    14. Xinran Guo & Yuanchu Cheng & Jiada Wei & Yitian Luo, 2021. "Stability Analysis of Different Regulation Modes of Hydropower Units," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-19, March.
    15. Ma, Weichao & Zhao, Zhigao & Yang, Jiebin & Lai, Xu & Liu, Chengpeng & Yang, Jiandong, 2024. "A transient analysis framework for hydropower generating systems under parameter uncertainty by integrating physics-based and data-driven models," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 297(C).
    16. Xu, Beibei & Zhang, Jingjing & Egusquiza, Mònica & Chen, Diyi & Li, Feng & Behrens, Paul & Egusquiza, Eduard, 2021. "A review of dynamic models and stability analysis for a hydro-turbine governing system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    17. Vijay Mohale & Thanga Raj Chelliah, 2022. "Impact of Fixed/Variable Speed Hydro, Wind, and Photovoltaic on Sub-Synchronous Torsional Oscillation—A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-28, December.
    18. Huang, Yifan & Yang, Weijia & Zhao, Zhigao & Han, Wenfu & Li, Yulan & Yang, Jiandong, 2023. "Dynamic modeling and favorable speed command of variable-speed pumped-storage unit during power regulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 769-783.
    19. Zhang, Nan & Feng, Chen & Shan, Yahui & Sun, Na & Xue, Xiaoming & Shi, Liping, 2023. "A universal stability quantification method for grid-connected hydropower plant considering FOPI controller and complex nonlinear characteristics based on improved GWO," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 874-894.
    20. Ma, Weichao & Yan, Wenjie & Yang, Jiebin & He, Xianghui & Yang, Jiandong & Yang, Weijia, 2022. "Experimental and numerical investigation on head losses of a complex throttled surge tank for refined hydropower plant simulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 264-279.

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