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Transient CO2 capture for open-cycle gas turbines in future energy systems

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  • Wilkes, Mathew Dennis
  • Mukherjee, Sanjay
  • Brown, Solomon

Abstract

In complex electricity systems with a varied generation mix, the security of supply is important, and the quick-response nature of gas turbines is invaluable in providing system flexibility. Accompanied with post-combustion capture (PCC) of CO2, gas turbines can support the transition to a future low-carbon electricity system. This study presents the development and validation of a dynamic rate-based model of the benchmark CO2 absorption process, using 30 wt% monoethanolamine (MEA). The model is scaled up from pilot-scale to match the flue gas output from a modern small-scale gas turbine operating in open-cycle configuration. Simulations of various flexible operating scenarios shows the rapid transitioning between full and partial load is beneficial in delivering higher time-averaged CO2 capture rates, compared to the Baseload scenario where the PCC system is operated at full load for 5 h. Maintaining a constant liquid/gas (L/G) ratio results in 90.01% CO2 capture; however, this increases the energy demand due to constant reboiler steam flowrate. To compensate, the steam flowrate is also ramped, resulting in a small decrease in reboiler duty compared to the Baseload scenario. Importantly, no negative energy or capture rate related issues to highly-transient PCC operation are found.

Suggested Citation

  • Wilkes, Mathew Dennis & Mukherjee, Sanjay & Brown, Solomon, 2021. "Transient CO2 capture for open-cycle gas turbines in future energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:216:y:2021:i:c:s0360544220323653
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.119258
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wilkes, Mathew Dennis & Brown, Solomon, 2022. "Flexible CO2 capture for open-cycle gas turbines via vacuum-pressure swing adsorption: A model-based assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).

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