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Thermodynamic evaluation of an ammonia-fueled combined-cycle gas turbine process operated under fuel-rich conditions

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  • Keller, Martin
  • Koshi, Mitsuo
  • Otomo, Junichiro
  • Iwasaki, Hiroshi
  • Mitsumori, Teruo
  • Yamada, Koichi

Abstract

Ammonia is a promising energy carrier and carbon-free fuel for power generation using combined-cycle gas turbines. However, its use results in the generation of relatively large amounts of NOx in the combustor. To address this issue, we propose a combined-cycle configuration including exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), in which the gas turbine is operated under fuel-rich conditions and the uncombusted hydrogen is burned in the heat-recovery steam generator (HRSG). Thus, hydrogen in the flue gas of the gas turbine increases the output power and improves the thermal efficiency of the system. Furthermore, in the combined system with EGR, the exhaust gas does not contain O2 and the combustion temperature can be reduced without altering the equivalence ratio. The proposed system is evaluated by thermodynamic modeling, and we find that low NOx emissions can be achieved while maintaining high thermal efficiency. Cold EGR is likely to be required to maintain the turbine inlet temperature below a technically feasible level, and a tradeoff between thermal efficiency and the NOx concentration at the combustor outlet is observed. The ideal operating conditions for this process thus depend on the technically feasible turbine inlet temperature, EGR ratio, and the permissible NOx concentration in the exhaust gas.

Suggested Citation

  • Keller, Martin & Koshi, Mitsuo & Otomo, Junichiro & Iwasaki, Hiroshi & Mitsumori, Teruo & Yamada, Koichi, 2020. "Thermodynamic evaluation of an ammonia-fueled combined-cycle gas turbine process operated under fuel-rich conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:194:y:2020:i:c:s0360544220300013
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.116894
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Guteša Božo, M. & Vigueras-Zuniga, MO. & Buffi, M. & Seljak, T. & Valera-Medina, A., 2019. "Fuel rich ammonia-hydrogen injection for humidified gas turbines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Muhammad Aziz & Agung Tri Wijayanta & Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto, 2020. "Ammonia as Effective Hydrogen Storage: A Review on Production, Storage and Utilization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-25, June.
    3. Blanco, Elena C. & Sánchez, Antonio & Martín, Mariano & Vega, Pastora, 2023. "Methanol and ammonia as emerging green fuels: Evaluation of a new power generation paradigm," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    4. Choi, Hyunhong & Woo, JongRoul, 2022. "Investigating emerging hydrogen technology topics and comparing national level technological focus: Patent analysis using a structural topic model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    5. Ayaz, S.Kagan & Altuntas, Onder & Caliskan, Hakan, 2021. "Enhanced life cycle modelling of a micro gas turbine fuelled with various fuels for sustainable electricity production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    6. Long, Zhenhua & Bai, Mingliang & Ren, Minghao & Liu, Jinfu & Yu, Daren, 2023. "Fault detection and isolation of aeroengine combustion chamber based on unscented Kalman filter method fusing artificial neural network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    7. Andrea J. Boero & Kevin Kardux & Marina Kovaleva & Daniel A. Salas & Jacco Mooijer & Syed Mashruk & Michael Townsend & Kevin Rouwenhorst & Agustin Valera-Medina & Angel D. Ramirez, 2021. "Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Ammonia-Based Electricity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-20, October.
    8. Skabelund, Brent B. & Stechel, Ellen B. & Milcarek, Ryan J., 2023. "Thermodynamic analysis of a gas turbine utilizing ternary CH4/H2/NH3 fuel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    9. Linda Barelli & Gianni Bidini & Giovanni Cinti, 2020. "Operation of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Based Power System with Ammonia as a Fuel: Experimental Test and System Design," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-19, November.
    10. Wen, Du & Aziz, Muhammad, 2022. "Techno-economic analyses of power-to-ammonia-to-power and biomass-to-ammonia-to-power pathways for carbon neutrality scenario," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 319(C).
    11. Sánchez, Antonio & Castellano, Elena & Martín, Mariano & Vega, Pastora, 2021. "Evaluating ammonia as green fuel for power generation: A thermo-chemical perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).

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