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Study on pollutants formation under knocking combustion conditions using an optical single cylinder SI research engine

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  • Karvountzis-Kontakiotis, Apostolos
  • Vafamehr, Hassan
  • Cairns, Alasdair
  • Peckham, Mark

Abstract

The aim of this experimental study is to investigate the pollutants formation and cyclic emission variability under knocking combustion conditions. An optical single cylinder SI research engine and fast response analyzers were employed to experimentally correlate knocking combustion characteristics with cyclic resolved emissions from cycle to cycle. High-speed natural light photography imaging and simultaneous in-cylinder pressure measurements were obtained from the optical research engine to interpret emissions formation under knocking combustion. The test protocol included the investigation of the effect of various engine parameters such as ignition timing and mixture air-fuel equivalence ratio on knocking combustion and pollutant formation. Results showed that at stoichiometric conditions by advancing spark timing from MBT to knock intensity equal to 6 bar, instantaneous NO and HC emissions are increased by up to 60% compared to the MBT operating conditions. A further increase of knock intensity at the limits of pre-ignition region was found to significantly drop NO emissions. Conversely, it was found that when knocking combustion occurs at lean conditions, NO emissions are enhanced as knock intensity is increased.

Suggested Citation

  • Karvountzis-Kontakiotis, Apostolos & Vafamehr, Hassan & Cairns, Alasdair & Peckham, Mark, 2018. "Study on pollutants formation under knocking combustion conditions using an optical single cylinder SI research engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 899-910.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:158:y:2018:i:c:p:899-910
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.06.063
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vafamehr, Hassan & Cairns, Alasdair & Sampson, Ojon & Koupaie, Mohammadmohsen Moslemin, 2016. "The competing chemical and physical effects of transient fuel enrichment on heavy knock in an optical spark ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 687-697.
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    4. Duan, Xiongbo & Liu, Jingping & Yao, Jun & Chen, Zheng & Wu, Cheng & Chen, Ceyuan & Dong, Hao, 2018. "Performance, combustion and knock assessment of a high compression ratio and lean-burn heavy-duty spark-ignition engine fuelled with n-butane and liquefied methane gas blend," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 256-268.
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    6. Zhen, Xudong & Wang, Yang & Xu, Shuaiqing & Zhu, Yongsheng & Tao, Chengjun & Xu, Tao & Song, Mingzhi, 2012. "The engine knock analysis – An overview," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 628-636.
    7. Karvountzis-Kontakiotis, Apostolos & Ntziachristos, Leonidas, 2016. "Improvement of NO and CO predictions for a homogeneous combustion SI engine using a novel emissions model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 172-182.
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