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Catalytic effects of ion-exchangeable K+ and Ca2+ on rice husk pyrolysis behavior and its gas–liquid–solid product properties

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  • Feng, Dongdong
  • Zhang, Yu
  • Zhao, Yijun
  • Sun, Shaozeng

Abstract

The effects of ion-exchangeable K+ and Ca2+ on rice husk pyrolysis, with a focus on the yields and properties of the gas–liquid–solid products, and their pyrolysis kinetic characteristics, were investigated by thermogravimetry/Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor. The results indicated that the pyrolysis gas and char yields increased, and the tar yield decreased, with increasing concentrations of K+/Ca2+ in the rice husks. Compared with that of 340 °C for H-form rice husks, the maximum weight loss temperature decreased by more than 25 °C for the 2.0 wt% K-loaded sample, and increased to 360 °C for the 0.2 wt% Ca-loaded one. K+ (2.0 wt%) lowered the first-order activation energy by 18 kJ/mol, and Ca2+ (<0.1 wt%) was more reactive in pyrolysis. The K+/Ca2+ ratio affected the amounts of pyrolysis gases, but not the species, and their presence increased the amount of aromatic CC structures and surface CO groups in the biochar. Catalysis with K+/Ca2+ transformed heavy pyrolysis tar compounds into small-molecule ones.

Suggested Citation

  • Feng, Dongdong & Zhang, Yu & Zhao, Yijun & Sun, Shaozeng, 2018. "Catalytic effects of ion-exchangeable K+ and Ca2+ on rice husk pyrolysis behavior and its gas–liquid–solid product properties," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 166-177.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:152:y:2018:i:c:p:166-177
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.119
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    1. Shen, Yafei, 2015. "Chars as carbonaceous adsorbents/catalysts for tar elimination during biomass pyrolysis or gasification," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 281-295.
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    5. He-Ming Dong & Qian Du & Dun Li & Zhao-Yang Cui & Jian-Min Gao & Shao-Hua Wu, 2019. "Impacts of Organic Structures and Inherent Minerals of Coal on Soot Formation during Pyrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-16, November.
    6. Jiang, Yuan & Zong, Peijie & Bao, Yuan & Zhang, Xin & Wei, Haixin & Tian, Bin & Tian, Yuanyu & Qiao, Yingyun & Zhang, Juntao, 2022. "Catalytic conversion of gaseous tar using coal char catalyst in the two-stage downer reactor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    7. Dawei Wang & Chuanming Du & Dongdong Feng & Yuting Li & Yu Zhang & Yijun Zhao & Guangbo Zhao, 2019. "The Thermal Swelling Properties of Plant Chemical Alcohol Waste Liquid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-11, November.
    8. Imtiaz Anando, Ahmed & Ehsan, M Monjurul & Karim, Md Rezwanul & Bhuiyan, Arafat A. & Ahiduzzaman, Md & Karim, Azharul, 2023. "Thermochemical pretreatments to improve the fuel properties of rice husk: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    9. Sun, Kai & Zhang, Lijun & Xu, Qing & Zhang, Zhanming & Shao, Yuewen & Dong, Dehua & Gao, Guanggang & Liu, Qing & Wang, Shuang & Hu, Xun, 2020. "Evidence for cross-polymerization between the biomass-derived furans and phenolics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 517-531.

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