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Community electrification and women’s autonomy

Author

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  • Bhukta, Rikhia
  • Pakrashi, Debayan
  • Saha, Sarani
  • Sedai, Ashish

Abstract

This study examines the effects of community-level electrification on women’s social autonomy in India using panel household survey, administrative and satellite data spanning over two decades. Using flexible difference-in-difference estimators, we find that higher community-level electricity hours improve women’s autonomy captured via reduced incidence of sexual violence against women, improved mobility, fertility choices, and access to health care. Results are robust to use of night-time luminosity as an alternative indicator for community electrification, most recent data on electrification and alternative longitudinal estimation techniques. A heterogeneity analysis shows that the effects are stronger in rural areas, where women’s autonomy is more restricted. We identify four main channels of the impact: paid employment, education, exposure to mass media and safety.

Suggested Citation

  • Bhukta, Rikhia & Pakrashi, Debayan & Saha, Sarani & Sedai, Ashish, 2024. "Community electrification and women’s autonomy," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:eneeco:v:137:y:2024:i:c:s0140988324005000
    DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107792
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Community electricity; Sexual violence; Mobility; Fertility; Health care; Women’s autonomy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D13 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Household Production and Intrahouse Allocation
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • H42 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Publicly Provided Private Goods
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy

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