IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/empfin/v48y2018icp198-220.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

lCARE - localizing conditional autoregressive expectiles

Author

Listed:
  • Xu, Xiu
  • Mihoci, Andrija
  • Härdle, Wolfgang Karl

Abstract

We account for time-varying parameters in the conditional expectile-based value at risk (EVaR) model. The EVaR downside risk is more sensitive to the magnitude of portfolio losses compared to the quantile-based value at risk (QVaR). Rather than fitting the expectile models over ad-hoc fixed data windows, this study focuses on parameter instability of tail risk dynamics by utilizing a local parametric approach. Our framework yields a data-driven optimal interval length at each time point by a sequential test. Empirical evidence at three stock markets from 2005–2016 shows that the selected lengths account for approximately 4–6 months of daily observations. This method performs favourable compared to the models with one-year fixed intervals, as well as quantile based candidates while employing a time invariant portfolio protection (TIPP) strategy for the DAX, FTSE 100 and S&P 500 portfolios. The tail risk measure implied by our model finally provides valuable insights for asset allocation and portfolio insurance.

Suggested Citation

  • Xu, Xiu & Mihoci, Andrija & Härdle, Wolfgang Karl, 2018. "lCARE - localizing conditional autoregressive expectiles," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 198-220.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:empfin:v:48:y:2018:i:c:p:198-220
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jempfin.2018.06.006
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927539818300446
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jempfin.2018.06.006?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to look for a different version below or search for a different version of it.

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kuan, Chung-Ming & Yeh, Jin-Huei & Hsu, Yu-Chin, 2009. "Assessing value at risk with CARE, the Conditional Autoregressive Expectile models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 150(2), pages 261-270, June.
    2. Inoue, Atsushi & Jin, Lu & Rossi, Barbara, 2017. "Rolling window selection for out-of-sample forecasting with time-varying parameters," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 196(1), pages 55-67.
    3. Chen, Ying & Härdle, Wolfgang Karl & Pigorsch, Uta, 2010. "Localized Realized Volatility Modeling," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 105(492), pages 1376-1393.
    4. Hamidi, Benjamin & Maillet, Bertrand & Prigent, Jean-Luc, 2014. "A dynamic autoregressive expectile for time-invariant portfolio protection strategies," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 1-29.
    5. De Rossi, Giuliano & Harvey, Andrew, 2009. "Quantiles, expectiles and splines," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 152(2), pages 179-185, October.
    6. Chen, Ying & Niu, Linlin, 2014. "Adaptive dynamic Nelson–Siegel term structure model with applications," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 180(1), pages 98-115.
    7. Wolfgang K. Härdle & Nikolaus Hautsch & Andrija Mihoci, 2015. "Local Adaptive Multiplicative Error Models for High‐Frequency Forecasts," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(4), pages 529-550, June.
    8. Chen, Cathy W.S. & Gerlach, Richard & Lin, Liou-Yan, 2012. "Bayesian Semi-parametric Expected Shortfall Forecasting in Financial M arkets," Working Papers 12 BAWP, University of Sydney Business School, Discipline of Business Analytics.
    9. Robert F. Engle & Simone Manganelli, 2004. "CAViaR: Conditional Autoregressive Value at Risk by Regression Quantiles," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 22, pages 367-381, October.
    10. Jushan Bai & Pierre Perron, 1998. "Estimating and Testing Linear Models with Multiple Structural Changes," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 66(1), pages 47-78, January.
    11. Spokoiny, Vladimir G., 1998. "Estimation of a function with discontinuities via local polynomial fit with an adaptive window choice," SFB 373 Discussion Papers 1998,1, Humboldt University of Berlin, Interdisciplinary Research Project 373: Quantification and Simulation of Economic Processes.
    12. Rossi, Barbara & Inoue, Atsushi & Jin, Lu, 2014. "Window Selection for Out-of-Sample Forecasting with Time-Varying Parameters," CEPR Discussion Papers 10168, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    13. P. Čížek & W. Härdle & V. Spokoiny, 2009. "Adaptive pointwise estimation in time-inhomogeneous conditional heteroscedasticity models," Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 12(2), pages 248-271, July.
    14. Yao, Qiwei & Tong, Howell, 1996. "Asymmetric least squares regression estimation: a nonparametric approach," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 19423, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    15. Cai, Zongwu & Xu, Xiaoping, 2009. "Nonparametric Quantile Estimations for Dynamic Smooth Coefficient Models," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 104(485), pages 371-383.
    16. Ben Ameur, H. & Prigent, J.L., 2014. "Portfolio insurance: Gap risk under conditional multiples," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 236(1), pages 238-253.
    17. Richard Gerlach & Cathy W. S. Chen, 2015. "Bayesian Expected Shortfall Forecasting Incorporating the Intraday Range," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Society for Financial Econometrics, vol. 14(1), pages 128-158.
    18. Philippe Artzner & Freddy Delbaen & Jean‐Marc Eber & David Heath, 1999. "Coherent Measures of Risk," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(3), pages 203-228, July.
    19. Carlo Acerbi & Dirk Tasche, 2002. "Expected Shortfall: A Natural Coherent Alternative to Value at Risk," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 31(2), pages 379-388, July.
    20. Jones, M. C., 1994. "Expectiles and M-quantiles are quantiles," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 149-153, May.
    21. Pesaran, M. Hashem & Timmermann, Allan, 2007. "Selection of estimation window in the presence of breaks," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 137(1), pages 134-161, March.
    22. Hans FÃllmer & Peter Leukert, 1999. "Quantile hedging," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 3(3), pages 251-273.
    23. Chen, Cathy W.S. & Gerlach, Richard, 2014. "Semi-parametric Expected Shortfall Forecasting," Working Papers 2014_02, University of Sydney Business School, Discipline of Business Analytics.
    24. Newey, Whitney K & Powell, James L, 1987. "Asymmetric Least Squares Estimation and Testing," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 55(4), pages 819-847, July.
    25. James W. Taylor, 2008. "Estimating Value at Risk and Expected Shortfall Using Expectiles," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 6(2), pages 231-252, Spring.
    26. Black, Fischer & Perold, AndreF., 1992. "Theory of constant proportion portfolio insurance," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 16(3-4), pages 403-426.
    27. Shangyu Xie & Yong Zhou & Alan T. K. Wan, 2014. "A Varying-Coefficient Expectile Model for Estimating Value at Risk," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(4), pages 576-592, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Klochkov, Yegor & Härdle, Wolfgang Karl & Xu, Xiu, 2019. "Localizing Multivariate CAViaR," IRTG 1792 Discussion Papers 2019-007, Humboldt University of Berlin, International Research Training Group 1792 "High Dimensional Nonstationary Time Series".
    2. Niu, Linlin & Xu, Xiu & Chen, Ying, 2017. "An adaptive approach to forecasting three key macroeconomic variables for transitional China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 201-213.
    3. repec:hum:wpaper:sfb649dp2016-058 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Härdle, Wolfgang Karl & Ling, Chengxiu, 2018. "How Sensitive are Tail-related Risk Measures in a Contamination Neighbourhood?," IRTG 1792 Discussion Papers 2018-010, Humboldt University of Berlin, International Research Training Group 1792 "High Dimensional Nonstationary Time Series".
    5. Zhang, Yue-Jun & Ma, Shu-Jiao, 2019. "How to effectively estimate the time-varying risk spillover between crude oil and stock markets? Evidence from the expectile perspective," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    6. Chao, Shih-Kang & Härdle, Wolfgang Karl & Huang, Chen, 2016. "Multivariate factorisable sparse asymmetric least squares regression," SFB 649 Discussion Papers 2016-058, Humboldt University Berlin, Collaborative Research Center 649: Economic Risk.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. repec:hum:wpaper:sfb649dp2015-052 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Xiu Xu & Andrija Mihoci & Wolfgang Karl Hardle, 2020. "lCARE -- localizing Conditional AutoRegressive Expectiles," Papers 2009.13215, arXiv.org.
    3. Hamidi, Benjamin & Maillet, Bertrand & Prigent, Jean-Luc, 2014. "A dynamic autoregressive expectile for time-invariant portfolio protection strategies," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 1-29.
    4. Zhang, Feipeng & Xu, Yixiong & Fan, Caiyun, 2023. "Nonparametric inference of expectile-based value-at-risk for financial time series with application to risk assessment," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    5. Bonaccolto, Giovanni & Caporin, Massimiliano & Maillet, Bertrand B., 2022. "Dynamic large financial networks via conditional expected shortfalls," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 298(1), pages 322-336.
    6. Garcia-Jorcano, Laura & Sanchis-Marco, Lidia, 2022. "Spillover effects between commodity and stock markets: A SDSES approach," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    7. Antonio Rubia Serrano & Lidia Sanchis-Marco, 2015. "Measuring Tail-Risk Cross-Country Exposures in the Banking Industry," Working Papers. Serie AD 2015-01, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas, S.A. (Ivie).
    8. James Ming Chen, 2018. "On Exactitude in Financial Regulation: Value-at-Risk, Expected Shortfall, and Expectiles," Risks, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-28, June.
    9. Zongwu Cai & Ying Fang & Dingshi Tian, 2018. "Assessing Tail Risk Using Expectile Regressions with Partially Varying Coefficients," WORKING PAPERS SERIES IN THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ECONOMICS 201804, University of Kansas, Department of Economics, revised Oct 2018.
    10. Busetti, Fabio & Caivano, Michele & Delle Monache, Davide & Pacella, Claudia, 2021. "The time-varying risk of Italian GDP," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    11. Abdelaati Daouia & Stéphane Girard & Gilles Stupfler, 2018. "Estimation of tail risk based on extreme expectiles," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 80(2), pages 263-292, March.
    12. Yao, Yinhong & Li, Jianping & Sun, Xiaolei, 2021. "Measuring the risk of Chinese Fintech industry: evidence from the stock index," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 39(C).
    13. Härdle, Wolfgang Karl & Ling, Chengxiu, 2018. "How Sensitive are Tail-related Risk Measures in a Contamination Neighbourhood?," IRTG 1792 Discussion Papers 2018-010, Humboldt University of Berlin, International Research Training Group 1792 "High Dimensional Nonstationary Time Series".
    14. Mohammedi, Mustapha & Bouzebda, Salim & Laksaci, Ali, 2021. "The consistency and asymptotic normality of the kernel type expectile regression estimator for functional data," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
    15. Taylor, James W., 2021. "Evaluating quantile-bounded and expectile-bounded interval forecasts," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 800-811.
    16. David Happersberger & Harald Lohre & Ingmar Nolte, 2020. "Estimating portfolio risk for tail risk protection strategies," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 26(4), pages 1107-1146, September.
    17. Yingying Jiang & Fuming Lin & Yong Zhou, 2021. "The kth power expectile regression," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 73(1), pages 83-113, February.
    18. Taylor, James W., 2022. "Forecasting Value at Risk and expected shortfall using a model with a dynamic omega ratio," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    19. Dingshi Tian & Zongwu Cai & Ying Fang, 2018. "Econometric Modeling of Risk Measures: A Selective Review of the Recent Literature," WORKING PAPERS SERIES IN THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ECONOMICS 201807, University of Kansas, Department of Economics, revised Oct 2018.
    20. Ren, Rui & Lu, Meng-Jou & Li, Yingxing & Härdle, Wolfgang Karl, 2022. "Financial Risk Meter FRM based on Expectiles," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    21. Zhang, Feipeng & Li, Qunhua, 2017. "A continuous threshold expectile model," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 49-66.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Expectile; Tail risk; Local parametric approach; Risk management;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation
    • G17 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Financial Forecasting and Simulation

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:empfin:v:48:y:2018:i:c:p:198-220. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jempfin .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.