IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/ejores/v218y2012i2p456-469.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A complex discrete warm standby system with loss of units

Author

Listed:
  • Ruiz-Castro, Juan Eloy
  • Fernández-Villodre, Gemma

Abstract

A redundant complex discrete system is modelled through phase type distributions. The system is composed of a finite number of units, one online and the others in a warm standby arrangement. The units may undergo internal wear and/or accidental external failures. The latter may be repairable or non-repairable for the online unit, while the failures of the standby units are always repairable. The repairability of accidental failures for the online unit may be independent or not of the time elapsed up to their occurrence. The times up to failure of the online unit, the time up to accidental failure of the warm standby ones and the time needed for repair are assumed to be phase-type distributed. When a non-repairable failure occurs, the corresponding unit is removed. If all units are removed, the system is then reinitialized. The model is built and the transient and stationary distributions determined. Some measures of interest associated with the system, such as transition probabilities, availability and the conditional probability of failure are achieved in transient and stationary regimes. All measures are obtained in a matrix algebraic algorithmic form under which the model can be applied. The results in algorithmic form have been implemented computationally with Matlab. An optimization is performed when costs and rewards are present in the system. A numerical example illustrates the results and the CPU (Central Processing Unit) times for the computation are determined, showing the utility of the algorithms.

Suggested Citation

  • Ruiz-Castro, Juan Eloy & Fernández-Villodre, Gemma, 2012. "A complex discrete warm standby system with loss of units," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 218(2), pages 456-469.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:218:y:2012:i:2:p:456-469
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2011.11.020
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377221711010113
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ejor.2011.11.020?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Çekyay, B. & Özekici, S., 2010. "Mean time to failure and availability of semi-Markov missions with maximal repair," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 207(3), pages 1442-1454, December.
    2. Papageorgiou, Effie & Kokolakis, George, 2010. "Reliability analysis of a two-unit general parallel system with (n-2) warm standbys," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 201(3), pages 821-827, March.
    3. Ruiz-Castro, Juan Eloy & Li, Quan-Lin, 2011. "Algorithm for a general discrete k-out-of-n: G system subject to several types of failure with an indefinite number of repairpersons," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 211(1), pages 97-111, May.
    4. S. Srinivasan & R. Subramanian, 2006. "Reliability analysis of a three unit warm standby redundant system with repair," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 143(1), pages 227-235, March.
    5. Eryilmaz, Serkan, 2011. "The behavior of warm standby components with respect to a coherent system," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 81(8), pages 1319-1325, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Juan Eloy Ruiz-Castro, 2015. "A preventive maintenance policy for a standby system subject to internal failures and external shocks with loss of units," International Journal of Systems Science, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(9), pages 1600-1613, July.
    2. Wells, Charles E., 2014. "Reliability analysis of a single warm-standby system subject to repairable and nonrepairable failures," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 235(1), pages 180-186.
    3. E. Vanderperre & S. Makhanov, 2015. "Reliability of Birolini’s duplex system sustained by a cold standby unit and subjected to a priority rule," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 23(2), pages 441-465, July.
    4. Ruiz-Castro, Juan Eloy & Dawabsha, Mohammed & Alonso, Francisco Javier, 2018. "Discrete-time Markovian arrival processes to model multi-state complex systems with loss of units and an indeterminate variable number of repairpersons," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 114-127.
    5. Gregory Levitin & Heping Jia & Yi Ding & Yonghua Song, 2017. "1-out-of-N multi-state standby systems with state-dependent random replacement times," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 231(6), pages 750-760, December.
    6. Levitin, Gregory & Xing, Liudong & Dai, Yuanshun, 2014. "Cold vs. hot standby mission operation cost minimization for 1-out-of-N systems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 234(1), pages 155-162.
    7. Levitin, Gregory & Finkelstein, Maxim & Dai, Yuanshun, 2021. "Optimization of cyclic preventive replacement in homogeneous warm-standby system with reusable elements exposed to shocks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    8. Ruiz-Castro, Juan Eloy, 2016. "Markov counting and reward processes for analysing the performance of a complex system subject to random inspections," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 155-168.
    9. Ruiz-Castro, Juan Eloy, 2016. "Complex multi-state systems modelled through marked Markovian arrival processes," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 252(3), pages 852-865.
    10. E.J. Vanderperre & S.S. Makhanov, 2014. "Reliability analysis of a repairable duplex system," International Journal of Systems Science, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(9), pages 1970-1977, September.
    11. Liu, Baoliang & Cui, Lirong & Wen, Yanqing & Shen, Jingyuan, 2015. "A cold standby repairable system with working vacations and vacation interruption following Markovian arrival process," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 1-8.
    12. Levitin, Gregory & Finkelstein, Maxim & Dai, Yuanshun, 2018. "Optimizing availability of heterogeneous standby systems exposed to shocks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 137-145.
    13. Juybari, Mohammad N. & Hamadani, Ali Zeinal & Ardakan, Mostafa Abouei, 2023. "Availability analysis and cost optimization of a repairable system with a mix of active and warm-standby components in a shock environment," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    14. Ruiz-Castro, Juan Eloy, 2020. "A complex multi-state k-out-of-n: G system with preventive maintenance and loss of units," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    15. Edmond Vanderperre & Stanislav Makhanov, 2014. "On the availability of a warm standby system: a numerical approach," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 22(2), pages 644-657, July.
    16. Levitin, Gregory & Finkelstein, Maxim & Dai, Yuanshun, 2018. "Heterogeneous standby systems with shocks-driven preventive replacements," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 266(3), pages 1189-1197.
    17. Levitin, Gregory & Finkelstein, Maxim & Dai, Yuanshun, 2021. "Optimal shock-driven switching strategies with elements reuse in heterogeneous warm-standby systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    18. Kayedpour, Farjam & Amiri, Maghsoud & Rafizadeh, Mahmoud & Shahryari Nia, Arash, 2017. "Multi-objective redundancy allocation problem for a system with repairable components considering instantaneous availability and strategy selection," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 11-20.
    19. Levitin, Gregory & Xing, Liudong & Peng, Sun & Dai, Yuanshun, 2015. "Optimal choice of standby modes in 1-out-of-N system with respect to mission reliability and cost," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 258(C), pages 587-596.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhong, Chongquan & Jin, Haibo, 2014. "A novel optimal preventive maintenance policy for a cold standby system based on semi-Markov theory," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 232(2), pages 405-411.
    2. Wells, Charles E., 2014. "Reliability analysis of a single warm-standby system subject to repairable and nonrepairable failures," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 235(1), pages 180-186.
    3. Zhang, Nan & Fouladirad, Mitra & Barros, Anne, 2019. "Reliability-based measures and prognostic analysis of a K-out-of-N system in a random environment," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 272(3), pages 1120-1131.
    4. Jørgen Vitting Andersen & Roy Cerqueti & Giulia Rotundo, 2017. "Rational expectations and stochastic systems," Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 17060, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1), Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne, revised Oct 2019.
    5. Levitin, Gregory & Finkelstein, Maxim & Dai, Yuanshun, 2018. "Optimizing availability of heterogeneous standby systems exposed to shocks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 137-145.
    6. Levitin, Gregory & Xing, Liudong & Haim, Hanoch Ben & Dai, Yuanshun, 2019. "Optimal structure of series system with 1-out-of-n warm standby subsystems performing operation and rescue functions," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 523-531.
    7. Xia, Tangbin & Xi, Lifeng & Zhou, Xiaojun & Lee, Jay, 2012. "Dynamic maintenance decision-making for series–parallel manufacturing system based on MAM–MTW methodology," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 221(1), pages 231-240.
    8. Yonghui Huang & Xianping Guo & Xinyuan Song, 2011. "Performance Analysis for Controlled Semi-Markov Systems with Application to Maintenance," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 150(2), pages 395-415, August.
    9. R. K. Bhardwaj & Komaldeep Kaur & S. C. Malik, 2017. "Reliability indices of a redundant system with standby failure and arbitrary distribution for repair and replacement times," International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, Springer;The Society for Reliability, Engineering Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM),India, and Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, vol. 8(2), pages 423-431, June.
    10. Navarro, Jorge & Rychlik, Tomasz, 2010. "Comparisons and bounds for expected lifetimes of reliability systems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 207(1), pages 309-317, November.
    11. Gregory Levitin & Liudong Xing & Yuanshun Dai, 2020. "Mission Abort Policy for Systems with Observable States of Standby Components," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 40(10), pages 1900-1912, October.
    12. Ruiz-Castro, Juan Eloy & Dawabsha, Mohammed & Alonso, Francisco Javier, 2018. "Discrete-time Markovian arrival processes to model multi-state complex systems with loss of units and an indeterminate variable number of repairpersons," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 114-127.
    13. Xia, Tangbin & Jin, Xiaoning & Xi, Lifeng & Ni, Jun, 2015. "Production-driven opportunistic maintenance for batch production based on MAM–APB scheduling," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 240(3), pages 781-790.
    14. Levitin, Gregory & Xing, Liudong & Dai, Yuanshun, 2014. "Cold vs. hot standby mission operation cost minimization for 1-out-of-N systems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 234(1), pages 155-162.
    15. Xia, Tangbin & Xi, Lifeng & Pan, Ershun & Ni, Jun, 2017. "Reconfiguration-oriented opportunistic maintenance policy for reconfigurable manufacturing systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 87-98.
    16. Levitin, Gregory & Xing, Liudong & Peng, Sun & Dai, Yuanshun, 2015. "Optimal choice of standby modes in 1-out-of-N system with respect to mission reliability and cost," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 258(C), pages 587-596.
    17. Landon, Joshua & Özekici, Süleyman & Soyer, Refik, 2013. "A Markov modulated Poisson model for software reliability," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 229(2), pages 404-410.
    18. Yu, Xiaoyun & Hu, Linmin & Ma, Mengrao, 2023. "Reliability measures of discrete time k-out-of-n: G retrial systems based on Bernoulli shocks," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    19. Yang, Dong-Yuh & Wu, Chia-Huang, 2021. "Evaluation of the availability and reliability of a standby repairable system incorporating imperfect switchovers and working breakdowns," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    20. Levitin, Gregory & Finkelstein, Maxim & Dai, Yuanshun, 2018. "Heterogeneous standby systems with shocks-driven preventive replacements," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 266(3), pages 1189-1197.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:218:y:2012:i:2:p:456-469. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/eor .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.