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Modeling investigation of the nutrients and phytoplankton dynamics in the Moroccan Atlantic coast: A case study of Agadir coast

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  • Rhomad, Hanane
  • Khalil, Karima
  • Neves, Ramiro
  • Bougadir, Blaid
  • Elkalay, Khalid

Abstract

Although the environmental status of the Moroccan Atlantic coastal waters has been researched in previous studies, there is still a lack of knowledge about its biogeochemical functioning. Especially for the Agadir coast where measurements are quite scarce, realistic ecological models can help identifying the key mechanisms driving fluctuations in such coastal areas. Here we implemented a three-dimensional (3D) coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model in order investigate the time-space distribution of inorganic nutrients (NO₃, PO₄ and SiO₄), and their control on phytoplankton (diatoms, flagellates) biomass on the Agadir coast. Model performance was evaluated against satellite observations and climatology data. The model achieved satisfactory representation of the sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a, and a reasonable agreement in the seasonal pattern of inorganic nutrients. Based on nutrient concentrations and their stoichiometric ratio; the study points to nitrate as the key factor controlling phytoplankton distribution (largely dominated by flagellates). Nitrate depletion occurs faster than phosphate and silicate, thus driving the area towards nitrogen limitation.

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  • Rhomad, Hanane & Khalil, Karima & Neves, Ramiro & Bougadir, Blaid & Elkalay, Khalid, 2021. "Modeling investigation of the nutrients and phytoplankton dynamics in the Moroccan Atlantic coast: A case study of Agadir coast," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 447(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:447:y:2021:i:c:s0304380021000818
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109510
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Deus, Ricardo & Brito, David & Kenov, Isabella Ascione & Lima, Marcelo & Costa, Vanessa & Medeiros, Adaelson & Neves, Ramiro & Alves, C.N., 2013. "Three-dimensional model for analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of phytoplankton in Tucuruí reservoir, Pará, Brazil," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 28-43.
    2. Zhang, Zhonglong & Sun, Bowen & Johnson, Billy E., 2015. "Integration of a benthic sediment diagenesis module into the two dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model – CE-QUAL-W2," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 297(C), pages 213-231.
    3. Saraiva, S. & Fernandes, L. & van der Meer, J. & Neves, R. & Kooijman, S.A.L.M., 2017. "The role of bivalves in the Balgzand: First steps on an integrated modelling approach," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 359(C), pages 34-48.
    4. Duarte, B. & Valentim, J.M. & Dias, J.M. & Silva, H. & Marques, J.C. & Caçador, I., 2014. "Modelling sea level rise (SLR) impacts on salt marsh detrital outwelling C and N exports from an estuarine coastal lagoon to the ocean (Ria de Aveiro, Portugal)," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 289(C), pages 36-44.
    5. Leslie G. Campbell, 1985. "The United States," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: International Auditing, chapter 10, pages 119-132, Palgrave Macmillan.
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    1. Hanane Rhomad & Karima Khalil & Khalid Elkalay, 2023. "Water Quality Modeling in Atlantic Region: Review, Science Mapping and Future Research Directions," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(1), pages 451-499, January.

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