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NEMURO—a lower trophic level model for the North Pacific marine ecosystem

Author

Listed:
  • Kishi, Michio J.
  • Kashiwai, Makoto
  • Ware, Daniel M.
  • Megrey, Bernard A.
  • Eslinger, David L.
  • Werner, Francisco E.
  • Noguchi-Aita, Maki
  • Azumaya, Tomonori
  • Fujii, Masahiko
  • Hashimoto, Shinji
  • Huang, Daji
  • Iizumi, Hitoshi
  • Ishida, Yukimasa
  • Kang, Sukyung
  • Kantakov, Gennady A.
  • Kim, Hyun-cheol
  • Komatsu, Kosei
  • Navrotsky, Vadim V.
  • Smith, S. Lan
  • Tadokoro, Kazuaki
  • Tsuda, Atsushi
  • Yamamura, Orio
  • Yamanaka, Yasuhiro
  • Yokouchi, Katsumi
  • Yoshie, Naoki
  • Zhang, Jing
  • Zuenko, Yury I.
  • Zvalinsky, Vladimir I.

Abstract

The PICES CCCC (North Pacific Marine Science Organization, Climate Change and Carrying Capacity program) MODEL Task Team achieved a consensus on the structure of a prototype lower trophic level ecosystem model for the North Pacific Ocean, and named it the North Pacific Ecosystem Model for Understanding Regional Oceanography, “NEMURO”. Through an extensive dialog between modelers, plankton biologists and oceanographers, an extensive review was conducted to define NEMURO's process equations and their parameter values for distinct geographic regions. We present in this paper the formulation, structure and governing equations of NEMURO as well as examples to illustrate its behavior. NEMURO has eleven state variables: nitrate, ammonium, small and large phytoplankton biomass, small, large and predatory zooplankton biomass, particulate and dissolved organic nitrogen, particulate silica, and silicic acid concentration. Several applications reported in this issue of Ecological Modelling have successfully used NEMURO, and an extension that includes fish as an additional state variable. Applications include studies of the biogeochemistry of the North Pacific, and variations of its ecosystem's lower trophic levels and two target fish species at regional and basin-scale levels, and on time scales from seasonal to interdecadal.

Suggested Citation

  • Kishi, Michio J. & Kashiwai, Makoto & Ware, Daniel M. & Megrey, Bernard A. & Eslinger, David L. & Werner, Francisco E. & Noguchi-Aita, Maki & Azumaya, Tomonori & Fujii, Masahiko & Hashimoto, Shinji & , 2007. "NEMURO—a lower trophic level model for the North Pacific marine ecosystem," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 202(1), pages 12-25.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:202:y:2007:i:1:p:12-25
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.08.021
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rose, Kenneth A. & Megrey, Bernard A. & Werner, Francisco E. & Ware, Dan M., 2007. "Calibration of the NEMURO nutrient–phytoplankton–zooplankton food web model to a coastal ecosystem: Evaluation of an automated calibration approach," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 202(1), pages 38-51.
    2. Yoshie, Naoki & Yamanaka, Yasuhiro & Rose, Kenneth A. & Eslinger, David L. & Ware, Daniel M. & Kishi, Michio J., 2007. "Parameter sensitivity study of the NEMURO lower trophic level marine ecosystem model," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 202(1), pages 26-37.
    3. Megrey, Bernard A. & Rose, Kenneth A. & Klumb, Robert A. & Hay, Douglas E. & Werner, Francisco E. & Eslinger, David L. & Smith, S. Lan, 2007. "A bioenergetics-based population dynamics model of Pacific herring (Clupea harengus pallasi) coupled to a lower trophic level nutrient–phytoplankton–zooplankton model: Description, calibration, and se," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 202(1), pages 144-164.
    4. Batchelder, Harold P. & Kashiwai, Makoto, 2007. "Ecosystem modeling with NEMURO within the PICES Climate Change and Carrying Capacity program," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 202(1), pages 7-11.
    5. Werner, Francisco E. & Ito, Shin-Ichi & Megrey, Bernard A. & Kishi, Michio J., 2007. "Synthesis of the NEMURO model studies and future directions of marine ecosystem modeling," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 202(1), pages 211-223.
    6. Rose, Kenneth A. & Werner, Francisco E. & Megrey, Bernard A. & Aita, Maki Noguchi & Yamanaka, Yasuhiro & Hay, Douglas E. & Schweigert, Jake F. & Foster, Matthew Birch, 2007. "Simulated herring growth responses in the Northeastern Pacific to historic temperature and zooplankton conditions generated by the 3-dimensional NEMURO nutrient–phytoplankton–zooplankton model," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 202(1), pages 184-195.
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