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Cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use among adolescents in foster family homes

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  • Zhan, Weihai
  • Smith, Susan R.
  • Warner, Lynette C.
  • North, Fred
  • Wilhelm, Sara

Abstract

Data from a cross-sectional study conducted in a random sample of children who were placed in foster family homes were used to examine the prevalence and associated factors of substance use (i.e., cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana), and to explore if adolescents in foster family homes had different rates of substance use than those in the general population matched on age, gender and race/ethnicity. Logistic regression models were used to determine factors associated with substance use and McNemar tests were used to compare prevalence rates of substance use. Substance use was common among adolescents in foster family homes. A higher number of placement settings were significantly associated with current cigarette use (odds ratio [OR], 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–1.60), and being placed in special study homes (i.e., fictive kin) was significantly associated with current marijuana use (OR, 6.43; 95% CI, 1.40–29.52). Compared to adolescents in the general population, those in foster family homes had lower rates of current alcohol (9.1% vs. 38.3%, p<0.0001) and marijuana (13.6% vs. 29.7%, p=0.005) use. No significant difference was observed for current cigarette use (18.2% vs. 11.5%, p=0.08). More research is needed to confirm the lower rate of current substance use in foster family homes than those matched in the general population, and to explore why adolescents in special study homes were more vulnerable to marijuana use.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhan, Weihai & Smith, Susan R. & Warner, Lynette C. & North, Fred & Wilhelm, Sara, 2016. "Cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use among adolescents in foster family homes," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 151-157.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:69:y:2016:i:c:p:151-157
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.08.009
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Akin, Becci A. & Byers, Kaela D. & Lloyd, Margaret H. & McDonald, Thomas P., 2015. "Joining formative evaluation with translational science to assess an EBI in foster care: Examining social–emotional well-being and placement stability," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 253-264.
    2. Braciszewski, Jordan M. & Stout, Robert L., 2012. "Substance use among current and former foster youth: A systematic review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(12), pages 2337-2344.
    3. Quinn McNemar, 1947. "Note on the sampling error of the difference between correlated proportions or percentages," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 12(2), pages 153-157, June.
    4. Akin, Becci A., 2011. "Predictors of foster care exits to permanency: A competing risks analysis of reunification, guardianship, and adoption," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(6), pages 999-1011, June.
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    6. Blakey, Joan M. & Leathers, Sonya J. & Lawler, Michelle & Washington, Tyreasa & Natschke, Chiralaine & Strand, Tonya & Walton, Quenette, 2012. "A review of how states are addressing placement stability," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 369-378.
    7. Smith, Brenda D., 2003. "After Parental Rights are Terminated: Factors Associated with Exiting Foster Care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 25(12), pages 965-985, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Braciszewski, Jordan M. & Vose-O'Neal, Adam & Gamarel, Kristi E. & Colby, Suzanne M., 2019. "Combustible cigarette smoking and alternative tobacco use in a sample of youth transitioning from foster care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 231-236.
    2. Zhan, Weihai & Smith, Susan R. & Warner, Lynette C. & North, Fred & Wilhelm, Sara & Nowak, Amanda, 2019. "Quality of life among children and adolescents in foster family homes," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).

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