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Low calorific value fuelled distributed combustion with swirl for gas turbine applications

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  • Khalil, Ahmed E.E.
  • Arghode, Vaibhav K.
  • Gupta, Ashwani K.
  • Lee, Sang Chun

Abstract

Distributed combustion offers significant performance improvement with near zero emissions for industrial gas turbine applications. Our efforts to further develop zero emission distributed combustion are explored here by utilizing swirl to the flow. The beneficial aspects of distributed swirl combustion using a cylindrical geometry combustor has shown low emissions of NO and CO, and significantly improved pattern factor using methane as the fuel at high thermal intensity. Biofuels, syngas and landfill gases offer superior use in gas turbine combustion. However, they are characterized by their low calorific value. Results are presented here from the distributed swirl combustor with simulated low calorific value fuels with defined mixture of methane diluted with nitrogen. The calorific value of the fuel obtained provided comparable adiabatic flame temperature and flame speed to those characteristic of low to medium calorific value syngas fuels. The results are compared with the methane fueled combustor. Experimental results from the distributed swirl combustor using methane fuel at an equivalence ratio of 0.6 and a heat release intensity of 27MW/m3-atm showed low levels of NO (∼9PPM) and low CO (∼21PPM) under non-premixed conditions. Novel Premixed Combustion design demonstrated 4PPM of NO and 11PPM of CO. In contrast methane diluted with nitrogen resulted in a dramatic decrease of NO emissions (30–50%), to provide NO emission of 7PPM (for non-premixed case) and 2.8PPM (premixed case), at the same conditions, with minimal impact on CO for all the conditions examined here. The combustor provided no instability or flame flashback at higher fuel flow rates (to maintain the same thermal load as with methane fuel). Results obtained with different calorific value fuels on the emissions of NO and CO, lean stability limit and OH* chemiluminescence are presented. The results showed favorable operation of the distributed swirl combustor for applications with both high and low calorific value fuels, such as, methane, synfuel and landfill gases to power the gas turbines without any combustor modifications.

Suggested Citation

  • Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Arghode, Vaibhav K. & Gupta, Ashwani K. & Lee, Sang Chun, 2012. "Low calorific value fuelled distributed combustion with swirl for gas turbine applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 69-78.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:98:y:2012:i:c:p:69-78
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.02.074
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Arghode, Vaibhav K. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2011. "Development of high intensity CDC combustor for gas turbine engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(3), pages 963-973, March.
    2. Arghode, Vaibhav K. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2011. "Investigation of reverse flow distributed combustion for gas turbine application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(4), pages 1096-1104, April.
    3. Arghode, Vaibhav K. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2010. "Effect of flow field for colorless distributed combustion (CDC) for gas turbine combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(5), pages 1631-1640, May.
    4. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2011. "Swirling distributed combustion for clean energy conversion in gas turbine applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(11), pages 3685-3693.
    5. Al-attab, K.A. & Zainal, Z.A., 2011. "Design and performance of a pressurized cyclone combustor (PCC) for high and low heating value gas combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(4), pages 1084-1095, April.
    6. Arghode, Vaibhav K. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2011. "Investigation of forward flow distributed combustion for gas turbine application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(1), pages 29-40, January.
    7. Tsai, W.T., 2007. "Bioenergy from landfill gas (LFG) in Taiwan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 11(2), pages 331-344, February.
    8. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2011. "Distributed swirl combustion for gas turbine application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 4898-4907.
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    2. Yang, Yang & Liu, Fangsheng & Han, Xu & Wang, Xinxin & Dong, Dehua & Chen, Yan & Feng, Peizhong & Khan, Majid & Wang, Shaorong & Ling, Yihan, 2022. "Highly efficient and stable fuel-catalyzed dendritic microchannels for dilute ethanol fueled solid oxide fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
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    5. Kuban, Lukasz & Stempka, Jakub & Tyliszczak, Artur, 2019. "A 3D-CFD study of a γ-type Stirling engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 142-159.
    6. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Arghode, Vaibhav K. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2013. "Novel mixing for ultra-high thermal intensity distributed combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 327-334.
    7. Khidr, Kareem I. & Eldrainy, Yehia A. & EL-Kassaby, Mohamed M., 2017. "Towards lower gas turbine emissions: Flameless distributed combustion," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 1237-1266.
    8. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2014. "Towards distributed combustion for ultra low emission using swirling and non-swirling flowfields," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 132-139.
    9. Enagi, Ibrahim I. & Al-attab, K.A. & Zainal, Z.A., 2018. "Liquid biofuels utilization for gas turbines: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 43-55.

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