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Need for thermal-storage air-conditioning in Saudi Arabia

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  • Hasnain, Syed Mahmood
  • Alabbadi, Naif Mohammed

Abstract

In Saudi Arabia, the growth of demand for electrical energy in the rapidly expanding towns, cities and industries, far exceeds the growth of the power being made available. Recently the Saudi Consolidated Electric Companies (SCECO) are facing a shortage of electricity during the summer period mainly due to the high consumption of electricity in the air conditioning sector. The incorporation of thermal energy storage (TES) technologies with a conventional air conditioning system is found to be an appropriate solution for energy-demand management. In this paper an introductory overview of thermal storage air conditioning is presented, comparing phase change (e.g. ice) and sensible heat (e.g. chilled water) storage technologies. The pros and cons of each are evaluated. The suitability of TES technology for the Saudi HVAC (heating, ventilating and air conditioning) industry is explored with the benefits to the owner such as: reduced energy consumption; less operation and maintenance costs; and downsizing of the chiller plant and system for new facility; alternative to new chiller installation to cater for increased cooling load; and stored water as a fire protection source. Furthermore, an economic study has been presented to illustrate the feasibility of TES based air conditioning in Saudi Arabia.

Suggested Citation

  • Hasnain, Syed Mahmood & Alabbadi, Naif Mohammed, 2000. "Need for thermal-storage air-conditioning in Saudi Arabia," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 65(1-4), pages 153-164, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:65:y:2000:i:1-4:p:153-164
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    1. Summerbell, Daniel L. & Khripko, Diana & Barlow, Claire & Hesselbach, Jens, 2017. "Cost and carbon reductions from industrial demand-side management: Study of potential savings at a cement plant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 100-113.
    2. Patlitzianas, Konstantinos D. & Doukas, Haris & Askounis, Dimitris Th., 2007. "An assessment of the sustainable energy investments in the framework of the EU–GCC cooperation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(10), pages 1689-1704.
    3. Jannesari, Hamid & Abdollahi, Naeim, 2017. "Experimental and numerical study of thin ring and annular fin effects on improving the ice formation in ice-on-coil thermal storage systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 369-384.
    4. Sadineni, Suresh B. & Atallah, Fady & Boehm, Robert F., 2012. "Impact of roof integrated PV orientation on the residential electricity peak demand," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 204-210.
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    6. Ruddell, Benjamin L. & Salamanca, Francisco & Mahalov, Alex, 2014. "Reducing a semiarid city’s peak electrical demand using distributed cold thermal energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 35-44.
    7. Jubran Alshahrani & Peter Boait, 2018. "Reducing High Energy Demand Associated with Air-Conditioning Needs in Saudi Arabia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-29, December.
    8. Parameshwaran, R. & Kalaiselvam, S. & Harikrishnan, S. & Elayaperumal, A., 2012. "Sustainable thermal energy storage technologies for buildings: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 2394-2433.
    9. Dufour, Thomas & Hoang, Hong Minh & Oignet, Jérémy & Osswald, Véronique & Clain, Pascal & Fournaison, Laurence & Delahaye, Anthony, 2017. "Impact of pressure on the dynamic behavior of CO2 hydrate slurry in a stirred tank reactor applied to cold thermal energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 641-652.
    10. Arteconi, A. & Hewitt, N.J. & Polonara, F., 2012. "State of the art of thermal storage for demand-side management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 371-389.
    11. Kamal, Rajeev & Moloney, Francesca & Wickramaratne, Chatura & Narasimhan, Arunkumar & Goswami, D.Y., 2019. "Strategic control and cost optimization of thermal energy storage in buildings using EnergyPlus," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C), pages 77-90.
    12. Abdul Mujeebu, Muhammad & Alshamrani, Othman Subhi, 2016. "Prospects of energy conservation and management in buildings – The Saudi Arabian scenario versus global trends," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 1647-1663.
    13. Ashok, S. & Banerjee, R., 2003. "Optimal cool storage capacity for load management," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(2), pages 115-126.
    14. Gude, Veera Gnaneswar & Nirmalakhandan, Nagamany & Deng, Shuguang & Maganti, Anand, 2012. "Low temperature desalination using solar collectors augmented by thermal energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(1), pages 466-474.
    15. Yau, Y.H. & Lee, S.K., 2010. "Feasibility study of an ice slurry-cooling coil for HVAC and R systems in a tropical building," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(8), pages 2699-2711, August.
    16. Shi, X.J. & Zhang, P., 2013. "A comparative study of different methods for the generation of tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide clathrate hydrate slurry in a cold storage air-conditioning system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 1393-1402.
    17. Rismanchi, B. & Saidur, R. & BoroumandJazi, G. & Ahmed, S., 2012. "Energy, exergy and environmental analysis of cold thermal energy storage (CTES) systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5741-5746.

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