Deriving joint operating rule curves for hydro–hydrogen–wind–photovoltaic hybrid power systems

Operating rule curves offer a promising approach to guide the operations of hydro–based power systems, such as reservoirs and hydro–photovoltaic hybrid power systems. Nevertheless, the joint operating rule curves have seldom been derived for the hydro–hydrogen–based power systems, primarily due to the complexities in simultaneously adjusting hydropower and hydrogen power. This study is developed to derive the operating rule curves for a hydro–hydrogen–wind–photovoltaic hybrid power system. First, a long-term operation model is built to maximize the guaranteed rate, as well as the total operation revenue obtained from both power generation and hydrogen production. Subsequently, eight operating rule curves are developed to guide the hybrid operation using the inflection point method. Finally, the parameters of operating rule curves are derived using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II under the parameterization-simulation-optimization framework. China's Ertan hydro–hydrogen–wind–photovoltaic hybrid power system served as a case study, and the results indicated that the proposed method could effectively derive the operating rule curves. Compared with the traditional operation, the average operation revenue and guaranteed rate of the optimal operating rule curves increased to 4.50 billion CNY kWh (+17.19%) and 0.99 (+11.24%), respectively. These findings indicate that the proposed operating rule curves achieve a commendable balance between economy and reliability.