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Managing data center cluster as non-wire alternative: A case in balancing market

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  • Cao, Yujie
  • Cao, Fang
  • Wang, Yajing
  • Wang, Jianxiao
  • Wu, Lei
  • Ding, Zhaohao

Abstract

As the demand for Internet services continues to rise, large-scale Internet companies have expanded their data center infrastructure across multiple global regions. The inherent spatial-temporal flexibility in scheduling workloads allows data center clusters to dynamically adjust their power consumption without overloading the transmission network. In this work, we introduce a novel approach for treating a geo-distributed data center cluster as a non-wire alternative resource and explore its potential role in the energy balancing market. Our methodology manages a geographically distributed data center cluster as a balance-responsible entity by employing optimal workload scheduling that considers its inherent spatial-temporal flexibility and market arbitrage opportunities. To achieve this, we develop a two-layer stochastic receding horizon control optimization algorithm to formulate a strategic bidding strategy for the data center cluster. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed approach, we conduct numerical experiments using real-world data center production traces and data from the Nordic balancing market, demonstrating its practical applicability and performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Cao, Yujie & Cao, Fang & Wang, Yajing & Wang, Jianxiao & Wu, Lei & Ding, Zhaohao, 2024. "Managing data center cluster as non-wire alternative: A case in balancing market," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 360(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:360:y:2024:i:c:s0306261924001521
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.122769
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    References listed on IDEAS

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