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Substitution of coke with pelletized biocarbon in the European and Chinese steel industries: An LCA analysis

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  • Gul, Eid
  • Riva, Lorenzo
  • Nielsen, Henrik Kofoed
  • Yang, Haiping
  • Zhou, Hewen
  • Yang, Qing
  • Skreiberg, Øyvind
  • Wang, Liang
  • Barbanera, Marco
  • Zampilli, Mauro
  • Bartocci, Pietro
  • Fantozzi, Francesco

Abstract

According to the Financial Times the steel industry emissions accounted for 7–9% of total greenhouse gases emissions worldwide in 2019. The main contribution to those emissions is directly related to the use of fossil coke and coal as fuels and reducing agents. Four solutions can be adopted to address such issue: direct reduction with hydrogen or syngas, electric arc furnaces, carbon capture and storage and use of biofuels (for example the so called “biocarbon”). These solutions can be also integrated. We propose applying innovative methods to produce biocarbon by pelletizing charcoal with pyrolysis oils and reheating it at high temperatures, to obtain materials with sufficient hardness, reduced porosity and proper reactivity. Once upgraded biocarbon can comply with the requirements usually needed for metallurgical coke. We present in this paper the results of a technical and economic analysis plus an environmental analysis on the expected final use of biocarbon in the silicon and steel industry.

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  • Gul, Eid & Riva, Lorenzo & Nielsen, Henrik Kofoed & Yang, Haiping & Zhou, Hewen & Yang, Qing & Skreiberg, Øyvind & Wang, Liang & Barbanera, Marco & Zampilli, Mauro & Bartocci, Pietro & Fantozzi, Franc, 2021. "Substitution of coke with pelletized biocarbon in the European and Chinese steel industries: An LCA analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:304:y:2021:i:c:s0306261921010114
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117644
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Alessandro Cardarelli & Marco Barbanera, 2023. "Substitution of Fossil Coal with Hydrochar from Agricultural Waste in the Electric Arc Furnace Steel Industry: A Comprehensive Life Cycle Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-19, July.
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    6. Anna Biniek-Poskart & Marcin Sajdak & Magdalena Skrzyniarz & Jakub Rzącki & Andrzej Skibiński & Monika Zajemska, 2023. "The Application of Lignocellulosic Biomass Waste in the Iron and Steel Industry in the Context of Challenges Related to the Energy Crisis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-25, September.
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