IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v268y2020ics0306261920305870.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Review of thermoelectric geometry and structure optimization for performance enhancement

Author

Listed:
  • Shittu, Samson
  • Li, Guiqiang
  • Zhao, Xudong
  • Ma, Xiaoli

Abstract

Thermoelectric geometry and structure optimization are vital research areas which are being explored extensively in recent years due to significant performance enhancement achieved. However, the lack of a single review paper on this key area is a huge gap identified. Therefore, this review presents a first of its kind in-depth analysis of the start of art in thermoelectric geometry and structure optimization. The four main parameters including leg length or height, cross-sectional area, number of legs and leg shape which are paid attention to during optimization of thermoelectric geometry are discussed in detail. In addition, a review of the different thermoelectric structure available in literature such as flat plate, annular, segmented, cascaded, corrugated, concentric, linear, flexible and micro thermoelectric generators and coolers is presented. Furthermore, special attention is paid to both electrical and mechanical performance enhancement obtainable from thermoelectric geometry and structure optimization. A review of thermal stress optimization is presented alongside other optimization including contact resistance, heat pipe, pulsed heating and cooling. Geometry and structure optimization methods including three-dimensional finite optimization and multi-objective optimization are discussed in detailed and the most significant results obtained from the literature review are presented. This comprehensive review will be a valuable and essential reference literature on all issues relating to thermoelectric geometry and structure optimization.

Suggested Citation

  • Shittu, Samson & Li, Guiqiang & Zhao, Xudong & Ma, Xiaoli, 2020. "Review of thermoelectric geometry and structure optimization for performance enhancement," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:268:y:2020:i:c:s0306261920305870
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115075
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920305870
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115075?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Massaguer, A. & Massaguer, E. & Comamala, M. & Pujol, T. & González, J.R. & Cardenas, M.D. & Carbonell, D. & Bueno, A.J., 2018. "A method to assess the fuel economy of automotive thermoelectric generators," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 42-58.
    2. Arora, Ranjana & Kaushik, S.C. & Arora, Rajesh, 2015. "Multi-objective and multi-parameter optimization of two-stage thermoelectric generator in electrically series and parallel configurations through NSGA-II," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 242-254.
    3. Karami Lakeh, Hossein & Kaatuzian, Hassan & Hosseini, Reza, 2019. "A parametrical study on photo-electro-thermal performance of an integrated thermoelectric-photovoltaic cell," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 542-550.
    4. Jia, Xiao-Dong & Wang, Yuan-Jing & Gao, Yuan-Wen, 2017. "Numerical simulation of thermoelectric performance of linear-shaped thermoelectric generators under transient heat supply," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 276-285.
    5. Ali, Haider & Yilbas, Bekir Sami & Al-Sharafi, Abdullah, 2017. "Innovative design of a thermoelectric generator with extended and segmented pin configurations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 367-379.
    6. Zhang, A.B. & Wang, B.L. & Pang, D.D. & He, L.W. & Lou, J. & Wang, J. & Du, J.K., 2018. "Effects of interface layers on the performance of annular thermoelectric generators," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 612-620.
    7. Gong, Tingrui & Wu, Yongjia & Gao, Lei & Zhang, Long & Li, Juntao & Ming, Tingzhen, 2019. "Thermo-mechanical analysis on a compact thermoelectric cooler," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 1211-1224.
    8. Wang, Tian-Hu & Wang, Qiu-Hong & Leng, Chuan & Wang, Xiao-Dong, 2015. "Parameter analysis and optimal design for two-stage thermoelectric cooler," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 1-12.
    9. Wang, Xiao-Dong & Wang, Qiu-Hong & Xu, Jin-Liang, 2014. "Performance analysis of two-stage TECs (thermoelectric coolers) using a three-dimensional heat-electricity coupled model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 419-429.
    10. Sun, Henan & Gil, Sergio Usón & Liu, Wei & Liu, Zhichun, 2019. "Structure optimization and exergy analysis of a two-stage TEC with two different connections," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 175-191.
    11. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Wu, Po-Hua & Lin, Yu-Li, 2018. "Performance optimization of thermoelectric generators designed by multi-objective genetic algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 211-223.
    12. He, Wei & Zhang, Gan & Zhang, Xingxing & Ji, Jie & Li, Guiqiang & Zhao, Xudong, 2015. "Recent development and application of thermoelectric generator and cooler," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 1-25.
    13. Chen, Leisheng & Lee, Jaeyoung, 2015. "Effect of pulsed heat power on the thermal and electrical performances of a thermoelectric generator," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 138-149.
    14. Erturun, Ugur & Erermis, Kaan & Mossi, Karla, 2015. "Influence of leg sizing and spacing on power generation and thermal stresses of thermoelectric devices," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 19-27.
    15. Cheng, Fuqiang & Hong, Yanji & Li, Weiping & Guo, Xiaohong & Zhang, Hailong & Fu, Feng & Feng, Bingqing & Wang, Gang & Wang, Chao & Qin, Haibing, 2017. "A thermoelectric generator for scavenging gas-heat: From module optimization to prototype test," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 545-560.
    16. Lundgaard, Christian & Sigmund, Ole, 2019. "Design of segmented off-diagonal thermoelectric generators using topology optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C), pages 950-960.
    17. Tingzhen Ming & Qiankun Wang & Keyuan Peng & Zhe Cai & Wei Yang & Yongjia Wu & Tingrui Gong, 2015. "The Influence of Non-Uniform High Heat Flux on Thermal Stress of Thermoelectric Power Generator," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(11), pages 1-19, November.
    18. Luo, Ding & Wang, Ruochen & Yu, Wei & Zhou, Weiqi, 2020. "Parametric study of a thermoelectric module used for both power generation and cooling," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 542-552.
    19. Hamid Elsheikh, Mohamed & Shnawah, Dhafer Abdulameer & Sabri, Mohd Faizul Mohd & Said, Suhana Binti Mohd & Haji Hassan, Masjuki & Ali Bashir, Mohamed Bashir & Mohamad, Mahazani, 2014. "A review on thermoelectric renewable energy: Principle parameters that affect their performance," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 337-355.
    20. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Huang, Shih-Rong & Lin, Yu-Li, 2015. "Performance analysis and optimum operation of a thermoelectric generator by Taguchi method," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 44-54.
    21. Lee, HoSung, 2013. "Optimal design of thermoelectric devices with dimensional analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 79-88.
    22. Yilbas, Bekir Sami & Akhtar, S.S. & Sahin, A.Z., 2016. "Thermal and stress analyses in thermoelectric generator with tapered and rectangular pin configurations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 52-63.
    23. Liu, Zhichun & Zhu, Shiping & Ge, Ya & Shan, Feng & Zeng, Lingping & Liu, Wei, 2017. "Geometry optimization of two-stage thermoelectric generators using simplified conjugate-gradient method," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 540-552.
    24. Shittu, Samson & Li, Guiqiang & Akhlaghi, Yousef Golizadeh & Ma, Xiaoli & Zhao, Xudong & Ayodele, Emmanuel, 2019. "Advancements in thermoelectric generators for enhanced hybrid photovoltaic system performance," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 24-54.
    25. Jing-Hui Meng & Hao-Chi Wu & Tian-Hu Wang, 2019. "Optimization of Two-Stage Combined Thermoelectric Devices by a Three-Dimensional Multi-Physics Model and Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-24, July.
    26. Kwan, Trevor Hocksun & Wu, Xiaofeng & Yao, Qinghe, 2018. "Multi-objective genetic optimization of the thermoelectric system for thermal management of proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 314-327.
    27. Zheng, X.F. & Liu, C.X. & Yan, Y.Y. & Wang, Q., 2014. "A review of thermoelectrics research – Recent developments and potentials for sustainable and renewable energy applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 486-503.
    28. Fan, Shifa & Gao, Yuanwen, 2019. "Numerical analysis on the segmented annular thermoelectric generator for waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 35-47.
    29. Miao, Zhuang & Meng, Xiangning & Zhou, Sen & Zhu, Miaoyong, 2020. "Thermo-mechanical analysis on thermoelectric legs arrangement of thermoelectric modules," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 2272-2278.
    30. Pietrzyk, Kyle & Ohara, Brandon & Watson, Thomas & Gee, Madison & Avalos, Daniel & Lee, Hohyun, 2016. "Thermoelectric module design strategy for solid-state refrigeration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 823-832.
    31. Shittu, Samson & Li, Guiqiang & Zhao, Xudong & Ma, Xiaoli, 2019. "Series of detail comparison and optimization of thermoelectric element geometry considering the PV effect," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 930-942.
    32. Lee, Heonjoong & Sharp, Jeff & Stokes, David & Pearson, Matthew & Priya, Shashank, 2018. "Modeling and analysis of the effect of thermal losses on thermoelectric generator performance using effective properties," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 987-996.
    33. Owoyele, Opeoluwa & Ferguson, Scott & O’Connor, Brendan T., 2015. "Performance analysis of a thermoelectric cooler with a corrugated architecture," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 184-191.
    34. Fan, Shifa & Gao, Yuanwen, 2018. "Numerical simulation on thermoelectric and mechanical performance of annular thermoelectric generator," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 38-48.
    35. Shittu, Samson & Li, Guiqiang & Xuan, Qindong & Zhao, Xudong & Ma, Xiaoli & Cui, Yu, 2020. "Electrical and mechanical analysis of a segmented solar thermoelectric generator under non-uniform heat flux," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    36. Sun, Henan & Ge, Ya & Liu, Wei & Liu, Zhichun, 2019. "Geometric optimization of two-stage thermoelectric generator using genetic algorithms and thermodynamic analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 37-48.
    37. Shu, Gequn & Ma, Xiaonan & Tian, Hua & Yang, Haoqi & Chen, Tianyu & Li, Xiaoya, 2018. "Configuration optimization of the segmented modules in an exhaust-based thermoelectric generator for engine waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 612-624.
    38. Wang, Xue & Wang, Hongchao & Su, Wenbin & Mehmood, Fahad & Zhai, Jinze & Wang, Teng & Chen, Tingting & Wang, Chunlei, 2019. "Geometric structural design for lead tellurium thermoelectric power generation application," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 88-95.
    39. Ge, Ya & Liu, Zhichun & Sun, Henan & Liu, Wei, 2018. "Optimal design of a segmented thermoelectric generator based on three-dimensional numerical simulation and multi-objective genetic algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 1060-1069.
    40. Hashim, H. & Bomphrey, J.J. & Min, G., 2016. "Model for geometry optimisation of thermoelectric devices in a hybrid PV/TE system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P1), pages 458-463.
    41. Xiao, Jinsheng & Yang, Tianqi & Li, Peng & Zhai, Pengcheng & Zhang, Qingjie, 2012. "Thermal design and management for performance optimization of solar thermoelectric generator," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 33-38.
    42. Ma, Xiaonan & Shu, Gequn & Tian, Hua & Xu, Wen & Chen, Tianyu, 2019. "Performance assessment of engine exhaust-based segmented thermoelectric generators by length ratio optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C), pages 614-625.
    43. Ouyang, Zhongliang & Li, Dawen, 2018. "Design of segmented high-performance thermoelectric generators with cost in consideration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C), pages 112-121.
    44. Li, Guiqiang & Shittu, Samson & Ma, Xiaoli & Zhao, Xudong, 2019. "Comparative analysis of thermoelectric elements optimum geometry between photovoltaic-thermoelectric and solar thermoelectric," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 599-610.
    45. Shen, Zu-Guo & Liu, Xun & Chen, Shuai & Wu, Shuang-Ying & Xiao, Lan & Chen, Zu-Xiang, 2018. "Theoretical analysis on a segmented annular thermoelectric generator," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 297-313.
    46. He, Wei & Su, Yuehong & Wang, Y.Q. & Riffat, S.B. & Ji, Jie, 2012. "A study on incorporation of thermoelectric modules with evacuated-tube heat-pipe solar collectors," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 142-149.
    47. Meng, Jing-Hui & Zhang, Xin-Xin & Wang, Xiao-Dong, 2014. "Multi-objective and multi-parameter optimization of a thermoelectric generator module," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 367-376.
    48. Ibeagwu, Onyebuchi Isreal, 2019. "Modelling and comprehensive analysis of TEGs with diverse variable leg geometry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 90-106.
    49. Liang, Xingyu & Sun, Xiuxiu & Tian, Hua & Shu, Gequn & Wang, Yuesen & Wang, Xu, 2014. "Comparison and parameter optimization of a two-stage thermoelectric generator using high temperature exhaust of internal combustion engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 190-199.
    50. Soprani, S. & Haertel, J.H.K. & Lazarov, B.S. & Sigmund, O. & Engelbrecht, K., 2016. "A design approach for integrating thermoelectric devices using topology optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 49-64.
    51. Dunham, Marc T. & Barako, Michael T. & LeBlanc, Saniya & Asheghi, Mehdi & Chen, Baoxing & Goodson, Kenneth E., 2015. "Power density optimization for micro thermoelectric generators," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 2006-2017.
    52. Tian, Hua & Sun, Xiuxiu & Jia, Qi & Liang, Xingyu & Shu, Gequn & Wang, Xu, 2015. "Comparison and parameter optimization of a segmented thermoelectric generator by using the high temperature exhaust of a diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 121-130.
    53. Li, Guiqiang & Shittu, Samson & Diallo, Thierno M.O. & Yu, Min & Zhao, Xudong & Ji, Jie, 2018. "A review of solar photovoltaic-thermoelectric hybrid system for electricity generation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 41-58.
    54. Luo, Ding & Wang, Ruochen & Yu, Wei & Zhou, Weiqi, 2019. "Performance evaluation of a novel thermoelectric module with BiSbTeSe-based material," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 1299-1311.
    55. Ibrahim, Amin & Rahnamayan, Shahryar & Vargas Martin, Miguel & Yilbas, Bekir, 2014. "Multi-objective thermal analysis of a thermoelectric device: Influence of geometric features on device characteristics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 305-317.
    56. Lv, Hao & Wang, Xiao-Dong & Meng, Jing-Hui & Wang, Tian-Hu & Yan, Wei-Mon, 2016. "Enhancement of maximum temperature drop across thermoelectric cooler through two-stage design and transient supercooling effect," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 285-292.
    57. He, Wei & Wang, Shixue & Zhang, Xing & Li, Yanzhe & Lu, Chi, 2015. "Optimization design method of thermoelectric generator based on exhaust gas parameters for recovery of engine waste heat," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1-9.
    58. Kwan, Trevor Hocksun & Wu, Xiaofeng, 2016. "Power and mass optimization of the hybrid solar panel and thermoelectric generators," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 297-307.
    59. Jia, Xiaodong & Guo, Qiuting, 2020. "Design study of Bismuth-Telluride-based thermoelectric generators based on thermoelectric and mechanical performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    60. Huang, Yu-Xian & Wang, Xiao-Dong & Cheng, Chin-Hsiang & Lin, David Ta-Wei, 2013. "Geometry optimization of thermoelectric coolers using simplified conjugate-gradient method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 689-697.
    61. Twaha, Ssennoga & Zhu, Jie & Yan, Yuying & Li, Bo, 2016. "A comprehensive review of thermoelectric technology: Materials, applications, modelling and performance improvement," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 698-726.
    62. Ando Junior, O.H. & Maran, A.L.O. & Henao, N.C., 2018. "A review of the development and applications of thermoelectric microgenerators for energy harvesting," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 376-393.
    63. Liu, Shuang & Hu, Bingkun & Liu, Dawei & Li, Fu & Li, Jing-Feng & Li, Bo & Li, Liangliang & Lin, Yuan-Hua & Nan, Ce-Wen, 2018. "Micro-thermoelectric generators based on through glass pillars with high output voltage enabled by large temperature difference," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 600-610.
    64. Li, Guiqiang & Shittu, Samson & zhou, Kai & Zhao, Xudong & Ma, Xiaoli, 2019. "Preliminary experiment on a novel photovoltaic-thermoelectric system in summer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    65. Fernández-Yañez, Pablo & Armas, Octavio & Capetillo, Azael & Martínez-Martínez, Simón, 2018. "Thermal analysis of a thermoelectric generator for light-duty diesel engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 690-702.
    66. Karana, Dhruv Raj & Sahoo, Rashmi Rekha, 2019. "Influence of geometric parameter on the performance of a new asymmetrical and segmented thermoelectric generator," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 90-99.
    67. Lundgaard, Christian & Sigmund, Ole, 2019. "Design of segmented thermoelectric Peltier coolers by topology optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 1003-1013.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Shittu, Samson & Li, Guiqiang & Xuan, Qindong & Zhao, Xudong & Ma, Xiaoli & Cui, Yu, 2020. "Electrical and mechanical analysis of a segmented solar thermoelectric generator under non-uniform heat flux," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    2. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Chiou, Yi-Bin, 2020. "Geometry design for maximizing output power of segmented skutterudite thermoelectric generator by evolutionary computation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    3. Ma, Xiaonan & Shu, Gequn & Tian, Hua & Xu, Wen & Chen, Tianyu, 2019. "Performance assessment of engine exhaust-based segmented thermoelectric generators by length ratio optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C), pages 614-625.
    4. Shittu, Samson & Li, Guiqiang & Akhlaghi, Yousef Golizadeh & Ma, Xiaoli & Zhao, Xudong & Ayodele, Emmanuel, 2019. "Advancements in thermoelectric generators for enhanced hybrid photovoltaic system performance," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 24-54.
    5. Yin, Tao & Li, Zhen-Ming & Peng, Peng & Liu, Wei & Shao, Yu-Ying & He, Zhi-Zhu, 2021. "Performance analysis and design optimization of a compact thermoelectric generator with T-Shaped configuration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    6. He, Zhi-Zhu, 2020. "A coupled electrical-thermal impedance matching model for design optimization of thermoelectric generator," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    7. Ge, Ya & Lin, Yousheng & He, Qing & Wang, Wenhao & Chen, Jiechao & Huang, Si-Min, 2021. "Geometric optimization of segmented thermoelectric generators for waste heat recovery systems using genetic algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    8. Yin, Tao & He, Zhi-Zhu, 2021. "Analytical model-based optimization of the thermoelectric cooler with temperature-dependent materials under different operating conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    9. Weng, Zebin & Liu, Furong & Zhu, Wenchao & Li, Yang & Xie, Changjun & Deng, Jian & Huang, Liang, 2022. "Performance improvement of variable-angle annular thermoelectric generators considering different boundary conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PA).
    10. Jing-Hui Meng & Hao-Chi Wu & Tian-Hu Wang, 2019. "Optimization of Two-Stage Combined Thermoelectric Devices by a Three-Dimensional Multi-Physics Model and Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-24, July.
    11. Lv, Hao & Wang, Xiao-Dong & Meng, Jing-Hui & Wang, Tian-Hu & Yan, Wei-Mon, 2016. "Enhancement of maximum temperature drop across thermoelectric cooler through two-stage design and transient supercooling effect," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 285-292.
    12. Shittu, Samson & Li, Guiqiang & Tang, Xin & Zhao, Xudong & Ma, Xiaoli & Badiei, Ali, 2020. "Analysis of thermoelectric geometry in a concentrated photovoltaic-thermoelectric under varying weather conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
    13. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Wang, Chi-Ming & Lee, Da-Sheng & Kwon, Eilhann E. & Ashokkumar, Veeramuthu & Culaba, Alvin B., 2022. "Optimization design by evolutionary computation for minimizing thermal stress of a thermoelectric generator with varied numbers of square pin fins," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 314(C).
    14. Luo, Ding & Yan, Yuying & Li, Ying & Wang, Ruochen & Cheng, Shan & Yang, Xuelin & Ji, Dongxu, 2023. "A hybrid transient CFD-thermoelectric numerical model for automobile thermoelectric generator systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 332(C).
    15. Yusuf, Aminu & Ballikaya, Sedat, 2022. "Electrical, thermomechanical and cost analyses of a low-cost thermoelectric generator," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    16. Maduabuchi, Chika & Eneh, Chibuoke & Alrobaian, Abdulrahman Abdullah & Alkhedher, Mohammad, 2023. "Deep neural networks for quick and precise geometry optimization of segmented thermoelectric generators," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).
    17. Tianbo Lu & Yuqiang Li & Jianxin Zhang & Pingfan Ning & Pingjuan Niu, 2020. "Cooling and Mechanical Performance Analysis of a Trapezoidal Thermoelectric Cooler with Variable Cross-Section," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-19, November.
    18. Rejeb, Oussama & Shittu, Samson & Ghenai, Chaouki & Li, Guiqiang & Zhao, Xudong & Bettayeb, Maamar, 2020. "Optimization and performance analysis of a solar concentrated photovoltaic-thermoelectric (CPV-TE) hybrid system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 1342-1353.
    19. Ge, Ya & Liu, Zhichun & Sun, Henan & Liu, Wei, 2018. "Optimal design of a segmented thermoelectric generator based on three-dimensional numerical simulation and multi-objective genetic algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 1060-1069.
    20. Sun, Henan & Ge, Ya & Liu, Wei & Liu, Zhichun, 2019. "Geometric optimization of two-stage thermoelectric generator using genetic algorithms and thermodynamic analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 37-48.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:268:y:2020:i:c:s0306261920305870. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.