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Parametric analysis of a residential building with phase change material (PCM)-enhanced drywall, precooling, and variable electric rates in a hot and dry climate

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  • Wijesuriya, Sajith
  • Brandt, Matthew
  • Tabares-Velasco, Paulo Cesar

Abstract

Peak electric energy demand inflicts a great stress on the electric grid during the summer in the United States. With most years surpassing its previous year for the warmest year ever recorded, cooling requirements will continue to increase in the coming decades. Energy storage can potentially reduce electric demand. Among different technologies, phase change materials (PCMs) embedded in the building envelope have the potential to shift cooling energy demand away from peak hours. This study performs parametric analysis of PCMs in a relatively new home located in Phoenix, Arizona, USA. The analysis includes PCM location, PCM properties, precooling strategy, and an analysis of natural and forced convection models on the thermal behavior of the house. An extension of a standard forced convection model in EnergyPlus is used to represent the effects of a ceiling fan, which increases heat transfer at wall and ceiling surfaces and shortens the time needed to freeze or melt the phase change materials. Furthermore, the study discusses the use of appropriate setback temperatures to best utilize the PCMs. Overall, the optimal combination of PCMs, convection mode, and precooling schedule can completely shift cooling energy use during a three-hour demand period, producing maximum cost savings up to 29.4%, while increasing the occupant comfort.

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  • Wijesuriya, Sajith & Brandt, Matthew & Tabares-Velasco, Paulo Cesar, 2018. "Parametric analysis of a residential building with phase change material (PCM)-enhanced drywall, precooling, and variable electric rates in a hot and dry climate," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 497-514.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:222:y:2018:i:c:p:497-514
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.119
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    Cited by:

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    2. de Gracia, Alvaro, 2019. "Dynamic building envelope with PCM for cooling purposes – Proof of concept," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 1245-1253.
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    10. Gohar Gholamibozanjani & Mohammed Farid, 2021. "A Critical Review on the Control Strategies Applied to PCM-Enhanced Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-39, March.
    11. Zheng, Xinyao & Zhou, Yuekuan, 2023. "A three-dimensional unsteady numerical model on a novel aerogel-based PV/T-PCM system with dynamic heat-transfer mechanism and solar energy harvesting analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 338(C).
    12. Maleki, Mahdi & Imani, Abolhassan & Ahmadi, Rouhollah & Banna Motejadded Emrooz, Hosein & Beitollahi, Ali, 2020. "Low-cost carbon foam as a practical support for organic phase change materials in thermal management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    13. Lizana, Jesus & de-Borja-Torrejon, Manuel & Barrios-Padura, Angela & Auer, Thomas & Chacartegui, Ricardo, 2019. "Passive cooling through phase change materials in buildings. A critical study of implementation alternatives," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    14. Cui, Shuang & Kishore, Ravi Anant & Kolari, Pranvera & Zheng, Qiye & Kaur, Sumanjeet & Vidal, Judith & Jackson, Roderick, 2023. "Model-driven development of durable and scalable thermal energy storage materials for buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    15. Liu, Xianjie & Feng, Qian & Peng, Zhigang & Zheng, Yong & Liu, Huan, 2020. "Preparation and evaluation of micro-encapsulated thermal control materials for oil well cement slurry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    16. Naderi, Shayan & Heslop, Simon & Chen, Dong & Watts, Scott & MacGill, Iain & Pignatta, Gloria & Sproul, Alistair, 2023. "Clustering based analysis of residential duck curve mitigation through solar pre-cooling: A case study of Australian housing stock," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    17. Feng Gao & Xin Xiao & Zhao Shu & Ke Zhong & Yunfeng Wang & Ming Li, 2024. "Investigation of Thermoregulation Effect of Stabilized Phase Change Gypsum Board with Different Structures in Buildings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-13, August.
    18. Xu, Lijie & Ji, Jie & Cai, Jingyong & Ke, Wei & Tian, Xinyi & Yu, Bendong & Wang, Jun, 2021. "A hybrid PV thermal (water or air) wall system integrated with double air channel and phase change material: A continuous full-day seasonal experimental research," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 596-613.
    19. Luu, Minh Tri & Milani, Dia & Nomvar, Mobin & Abbas, Ali, 2020. "A design protocol for enhanced discharge exergy in phase change material heat battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 265(C).
    20. Pirasaci, Tolga, 2020. "Investigation of phase state and heat storage form of the phase change material (PCM) layer integrated into the exterior walls of the residential-apartment during heating season," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).

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