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A novel echelon internal heating strategy of cold batteries for all-climate electric vehicles application

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  • Guo, Shanshan
  • Xiong, Rui
  • Wang, Kan
  • Sun, Fengchun

Abstract

Battery preheating at low temperatures is essential to ensure the efficient operation of electric vehicles in all climate conditions. Alternating current heating is proposed as an effective preheating method to improve the poor performance of lithium-ion batteries operated at low temperatures. To describe the dynamic voltage behavior accurately, the Butler-Volmer equation has been employed, and then a novel electro-thermal coupled model has been proposed for accurately calculating the thermal behavior of a battery. To obtain the optimal preheating performance, the electro-thermal coupled model-based available heating current computational method has been developed to obtain the optimal echelon preheating strategy. This method has the potential to balance the heat generation rate and degradation on battery lifetime. Finally, the proposed echelon heating strategy has been verified by battery cells and battery packs. Results show that the battery cell can be heated from the temperature of −20.3 °C to 10.02 °C by 13.7 min with an average temperature-rise 2.21 °C/min. And the battery pack can be heated from −20.84 °C to 10 °C by 12.4 min with an average temperature-rise is 2.47 °C/min.

Suggested Citation

  • Guo, Shanshan & Xiong, Rui & Wang, Kan & Sun, Fengchun, 2018. "A novel echelon internal heating strategy of cold batteries for all-climate electric vehicles application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C), pages 256-263.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:219:y:2018:i:c:p:256-263
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.052
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    Cited by:

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    8. Huang, Deyang & Chen, Ziqiang & Zhou, Shiyao, 2022. "Self-powered heating strategy for lithium-ion battery pack applied in extremely cold climates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PB).
    9. Jiang, Jiuchun & Ruan, Haijun & Sun, Bingxiang & Wang, Leyi & Gao, Wenzhong & Zhang, Weige, 2018. "A low-temperature internal heating strategy without lifetime reduction for large-size automotive lithium-ion battery pack," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 257-266.
    10. Lin, Qian & Wang, Jun & Xiong, Rui & Shen, Weixiang & He, Hongwen, 2019. "Towards a smarter battery management system: A critical review on optimal charging methods of lithium ion batteries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 220-234.
    11. Borui Wang & Mingyin Yan, 2023. "Research on the Improvement of Lithium-Ion Battery Performance at Low Temperatures Based on Electromagnetic Induction Heating Technology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-24, November.
    12. Jiang, Li & Li, Yong & Huang, Yuduo & Yu, Jiaqi & Qiao, Xuebo & Wang, Yixiao & Huang, Chun & Cao, Yijia, 2020. "Optimization of multi-stage constant current charging pattern based on Taguchi method for Li-Ion battery," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
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    14. Chen, Jiahui & Wang, Fang & He, Xiaoyi & Liang, Xinyu & Huang, Junling & Zhang, Shaojun & Wu, Ye, 2022. "Emission mitigation potential from coordinated charging schemes for future private electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    15. Huang, Deyang & Chen, Ziqiang & Zhou, Shiyao, 2021. "Model prediction-based battery-powered heating method for series-connected lithium-ion battery pack working at extremely cold temperatures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    16. Li, Shuangqi & He, Hongwen & Su, Chang & Zhao, Pengfei, 2020. "Data driven battery modeling and management method with aging phenomenon considered," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    17. Xiong, Rui & Sun, Wanzhou & Yu, Quanqing & Sun, Fengchun, 2020. "Research progress, challenges and prospects of fault diagnosis on battery system of electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    18. Li, Junqiu & Xue, Qiao & Gao, Zhuo & Liu, Zengcheng & Xiao, Yansheng, 2024. "Frequency varying heating strategy for lithium-ion battery rapid preheating under subzero temperature considering the limitation of on-board current," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 365(C).
    19. Aritra Ghosh, 2020. "Possibilities and Challenges for the Inclusion of the Electric Vehicle (EV) to Reduce the Carbon Footprint in the Transport Sector: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-22, May.
    20. Ruan, Haijun & Jiang, Jiuchun & Sun, Bingxiang & Su, Xiaojia & He, Xitian & Zhao, Kejie, 2019. "An optimal internal-heating strategy for lithium-ion batteries at low temperature considering both heating time and lifetime reduction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    21. Kittinan Boonma & Napol Patimaporntap & Hussein Mbulu & Piyatida Trinuruk & Kitchanon Ruangjirakit & Yossapong Laoonual & Somchai Wongwises, 2022. "A Review of the Parameters Affecting a Heat Pipe Thermal Management System for Lithium-Ion Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-16, November.
    22. Wang, Yujie & Zhang, Xingchen & Chen, Zonghai, 2022. "Low temperature preheating techniques for Lithium-ion batteries: Recent advances and future challenges," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).

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