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Fuel economy in gasoline engines using Al2O3/TiO2 nanomaterials as nanolubricant additives

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  • Ali, Mohamed Kamal Ahmed
  • Fuming, Peng
  • Younus, Hussein A.
  • Abdelkareem, Mohamed A.A.
  • Essa, F.A.
  • Elagouz, Ahmed
  • Xianjun, Hou

Abstract

Energy resources are of strategic interest worldwide. Transportation sector is a principal consumer of different energy resources, therefore reducing the consumption of vital energy resources is critical in automobiles. The friction and wear issues impact the energy efficiency of engines, therefore it is an important development of the lubricant for saving energy. The current study supports that goal. This study deals contribution of Al2O3/TiO2 hybrid nanoparticles as nanolubricants to improve gasoline engine efficiency and fuel economy. The gasoline engine performance characteristics were evaluated experimentally using an AVL dynamometer under different operating conditions including the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC). Additionally, the engine was tested under critical operating conditions (warm-up phase). The results showed that using Al2O3/TiO2 nanolubricants increases the brake power, torque, and mechanical efficiency, while the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) reduced owing to the mechanical efficiency of the engine improved by 1.7–2.5%, as compared to the engine oil without nanoparticles. Hence, the vehicle fuel consumption during NEDC could be improved up to 4 L per 100 km in the urban. Furthermore, FESEM, EDS line scanning, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy were conducted to understand the major tribological reasons for improving the engine performance to link tribological tests in the laboratory with actual engine performance. Eventually, the results suggest that nanolubricants provide economical engines with high efficiency that it may be an appropriate direction for vehicle manufacturers and users to suppress the engine fuel cost with engine durability under different operating conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Ali, Mohamed Kamal Ahmed & Fuming, Peng & Younus, Hussein A. & Abdelkareem, Mohamed A.A. & Essa, F.A. & Elagouz, Ahmed & Xianjun, Hou, 2018. "Fuel economy in gasoline engines using Al2O3/TiO2 nanomaterials as nanolubricant additives," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 461-478.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:211:y:2018:i:c:p:461-478
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.11.013
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Mourad, M. & Mahmoud, K., 2019. "Investigation into SI engine performance characteristics and emissions fuelled with ethanol/butanol-gasoline blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 762-771.
    3. Abdelkareem, Mohamed A.A. & Xu, Lin & Ali, Mohamed Kamal Ahmed & Elagouz, Ahmed & Mi, Jia & Guo, Sijing & Liu, Yilun & Zuo, Lei, 2018. "Vibration energy harvesting in automotive suspension system: A detailed review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 672-699.
    4. Zhang, Baifu & Zhao, Zhen & Li, Yongxin & Zhang, Xiaohui & Li, Xinjun & Hao, Daning & Zhang, Zutao, 2025. "Design and analysis of a piezoelectric energy harvesting shock absorber for light truck applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PB).
    5. Abdelkareem, Mohamed A.A. & Xu, Lin & Ali, Mohamed Kamal Ahmed & El-Daly, Abdel-Rahman B.M. & Hassan, Mohamed A. & Elagouz, Ahmed & Bo, Yang, 2019. "Analysis of the prospective vibrational energy harvesting of heavy-duty truck suspensions: A simulation approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 332-351.
    6. Recep Çağrı Orman, 2023. "Effect of Adding Hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) Nano-Powder to Lubricant on Performance and Emissions in a Two-Stroke Gasoline Engine," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-17, October.
    7. Yaqoob, Haseeb & Teoh, Yew Heng & Sher, Farooq & Jamil, Muhammad Ahmad & Ali, Mubbashar & Ağbulut, Ümit & Salam, Hamza Ahmad & Arslan, Muhammad & Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi M. & Mujtaba, M.A. & Elfasakh, 2022. "Energy, exergy, sustainability and economic analysis of waste tire pyrolysis oil blends with different nanoparticle additives in spark ignition engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).

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