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Thermally Stratified Compression Ignition: A new advanced low temperature combustion mode with load flexibility

Author

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  • Lawler, Benjamin
  • Splitter, Derek
  • Szybist, James
  • Kaul, Brian

Abstract

A new advanced combustion mode is introduced, called Thermally Stratified Compression Ignition (TSCI), which uses direct water injection to control both the average temperature and the temperature distribution prior to ignition, thereby providing cycle-to-cycle control over the start and rate of heat release in Low Temperature Combustion (LTC). Experiments were conducted to fundamentally understand the effects of water injection on heat release in LTC. The results show that water injection retards the start of combustion due to the latent heat of vaporization of the injected water. Furthermore, for start of water injection timings between 20 and 70 degrees before top dead center, combustion is significantly elongated compared to without water injection. The 10–90% burn duration with 6.6 and 9.0mg of water per cycle was 77% and 146% longer than without water injection, respectively. Direct water injection reduces the heat release rate by local evaporative cooling that results in a forced thermal stratification.

Suggested Citation

  • Lawler, Benjamin & Splitter, Derek & Szybist, James & Kaul, Brian, 2017. "Thermally Stratified Compression Ignition: A new advanced low temperature combustion mode with load flexibility," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 122-132.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:189:y:2017:i:c:p:122-132
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.11.034
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Koupaie, Mohammadmohsen Moslemin & Cairns, Alasdair & Vafamehr, Hassan & Lanzanova, Thompson Diordinis Metzka, 2019. "A study of hydrous ethanol combustion in an optical central direct injection spark ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C), pages 258-269.
    2. Masera, Kemal & Hossain, Abul Kalam, 2023. "Advancement of biodiesel fuel quality and NOx emission control techniques," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    3. García, Antonio & Monsalve-Serrano, Javier & Lago Sari, Rafael & Gaillard, Patrick, 2020. "Assessment of a complete truck operating under dual-mode dual-fuel combustion in real life applications: Performance and emissions analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    4. Gainey, Brian & Gohn, James & Hariharan, Deivanayagam & Rahimi-Boldaji, Mozhgan & Lawler, Benjamin, 2020. "Assessing the impact of injector included angle and piston geometry on thermally stratified compression ignition with wet ethanol," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    5. Hunicz, Jacek & Mikulski, Maciej, 2018. "Investigation of the thermal effects of fuel injection into retained residuals in HCCI engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1966-1984.
    6. Yanuandri Putrasari & Ocktaeck Lim, 2019. "A Review of Gasoline Compression Ignition: A Promising Technology Potentially Fueled with Mixtures of Gasoline and Biodiesel to Meet Future Engine Efficiency and Emission Targets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-27, January.
    7. Wang, Xiaochen & Gao, Jianbing & Chen, Zhanming & Chen, Hao & Zhao, Yuwei & Huang, Yuhan & Chen, Zhenbin, 2022. "Evaluation of hydrous ethanol as a fuel for internal combustion engines: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 504-525.
    8. Yan, Ziming & Gainey, Brian & Gohn, James & Hariharan, Deivanayagam & Saputo, John & Schmidt, Carl & Caliari, Felipe & Sampath, Sanjay & Lawler, Benjamin, 2021. "A comprehensive experimental investigation of low-temperature combustion with thick thermal barrier coatings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    9. Rahimi Boldaji, Mozhgan & Gainey, Brian & Lawler, Benjamin, 2019. "Thermally stratified compression ignition enabled by wet ethanol with a split injection strategy: A CFD simulation study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 813-826.
    10. Hunicz, Jacek & Mikulski, Maciej & Koszałka, Grzegorz & Ignaciuk, Piotr, 2020. "Detailed analysis of combustion stability in a spark-assisted compression ignition engine under nearly stoichiometric and heavy EGR conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).

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