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Performance of a radial-inflow turbine integrated in an ORC system and designed for a WHR on truck application: An experimental comparison between R245fa and R1233zd

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  • Guillaume, Ludovic
  • Legros, Arnaud
  • Desideri, Adriano
  • Lemort, Vincent

Abstract

The goal of this study is to experimentally compare the performance of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system equipped with a radial-inflow turbine for two working fluids: R245fa and R1233zd. The radial-inflow turbine is a small-scale prototype designed to convert the waste heat from the exhaust gases of a truck combustion engine and was developed mainly using components of truck turbochargers. It is directly connected to a high-speed synchronous generator. The bearings system of the turbine and the generator have the innovative particularity to be respectively lubricated and cooled down by the working fluid so no additional lubricant or coolant is needed. The experimental comparison is carried out over a test-rig equipped with the radial turbine. The heat wasted by the truck through the exhaust gases is simulated using an electric oil boiler coupled to the ORC loop. The electrical power supplied by the turbine, limited to a maximum of 3.5kWel by the generator, is then dissipated in a load bank composed of truck fans while the condenser is cooled by a water loop. Measurements in steady-state are performed in order to evaluate the performance of the turbine-generator set when varying the pressure ratio, the rotational speed, the inlet temperature and the mass flow rate of the turbine and the lubrication flow rate of the bearings for various oil temperatures and mass flow rates. In order to identify the most suitable fluid for the Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) application, three comparison methods are proposed and discussed based on the measurements. Finally, because the turbine-generator set is the first oil-free prototype developed by the manufacturer, potential sources of improvements are discovered and discussed.

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  • Guillaume, Ludovic & Legros, Arnaud & Desideri, Adriano & Lemort, Vincent, 2017. "Performance of a radial-inflow turbine integrated in an ORC system and designed for a WHR on truck application: An experimental comparison between R245fa and R1233zd," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(P3), pages 408-422.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:186:y:2017:i:p3:p:408-422
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.03.012
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    2. Lee, Seung Joo & Shon, Byung Hoon & Jung, Chung Woo & Kang, Yong Tae, 2018. "A novel type solar assisted heat pump using a low GWP refrigerant (R-1233zd(E)) with the flexible solar collector," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 386-396.
    3. Jong-Beom Seo & Hosaeng Lee & Sang-Jo Han, 2023. "A Design Optimization of Organic Rankine Cycle Turbine Blades with Radial Basis Neural Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-18, December.
    4. Cao, Shuang & Xu, Jinliang & Miao, Zheng & Liu, Xiulong & Zhang, Ming & Xie, Xuewang & Li, Zhi & Zhao, Xiaoli & Tang, Guihua, 2019. "Steady and transient operation of an organic Rankine cycle power system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 284-294.
    5. Dawo, Fabian & Eyerer, Sebastian & Pili, Roberto & Wieland, Christoph & Spliethoff, Hartmut, 2021. "Experimental investigation, model validation and application of twin-screw expanders with different built-in volume ratios," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(PA).
    6. Fuhaid Alshammari & Apostolos Karvountzis-Kontakiotis & Apostolos Pesyridis & Muhammad Usman, 2018. "Expander Technologies for Automotive Engine Organic Rankine Cycle Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-36, July.
    7. Pili, Roberto & Bojer Jørgensen, Søren & Haglind, Fredrik, 2022. "Multi-objective optimization of organic Rankine cycle systems considering their dynamic performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    8. Landelle, Arnaud & Tauveron, Nicolas & Haberschill, Philippe & Revellin, Rémi & Colasson, Stéphane, 2017. "Organic Rankine cycle design and performance comparison based on experimental database," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 1172-1187.
    9. Hernandez, Andres & Desideri, Adriano & Gusev, Sergei & Ionescu, Clara M. & Den Broek, Martijn Van & Quoilin, Sylvain & Lemort, Vincent & De Keyser, Robin, 2017. "Design and experimental validation of an adaptive control law to maximize the power generation of a small-scale waste heat recovery system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 549-559.
    10. Fuhaid Alshammari & Apostolos Pesyridis & Mohamed Elashmawy, 2020. "Generation of 3D Turbine Blades for Automotive Organic Rankine Cycles: Mathematical and Computational Perspectives," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(1), pages 1-30, December.
    11. Alshammari, Fuhaid & Pesyridis, Apostolos & Karvountzis-Kontakiotis, Apostolos & Franchetti, Ben & Pesmazoglou, Yagos, 2018. "Experimental study of a small scale organic Rankine cycle waste heat recovery system for a heavy duty diesel engine with focus on the radial inflow turbine expander performance," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C), pages 543-555.
    12. Rosset, Kévin & Mounier, Violette & Guenat, Eliott & Schiffmann, Jürg, 2018. "Multi-objective optimization of turbo-ORC systems for waste heat recovery on passenger car engines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 751-765.
    13. Da Lio, Luca & Manente, Giovanni & Lazzaretto, Andrea, 2017. "A mean-line model to predict the design efficiency of radial inflow turbines in organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 187-209.
    14. Fabio Fatigati & Marco Di Bartolomeo & Davide Di Battista & Roberto Cipollone, 2019. "Experimental and Numerical Characterization of the Sliding Rotary Vane Expander Intake Pressure in Order to Develop a Novel Control-Diagnostic Procedure," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-17, May.
    15. Yang, Jingye & Ye, Zhenhong & Yu, Binbin & Ouyang, Hongsheng & Chen, Jiangping, 2019. "Simultaneous experimental comparison of low-GWP refrigerants as drop-in replacements to R245fa for Organic Rankine cycle application: R1234ze(Z), R1233zd(E), and R1336mzz(E)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 721-731.
    16. Feng, Yong-qiang & Hung, Tzu-Chen & Su, Ting-Ying & Wang, Shuang & Wang, Qian & Yang, Shih-Cheng & Lin, Jaw-Ren & Lin, Chih-Hung, 2017. "Experimental investigation of a R245fa-based organic Rankine cycle adapting two operation strategies: Stand alone and grid connect," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1239-1253.
    17. Eyerer, Sebastian & Dawo, Fabian & Kaindl, Johannes & Wieland, Christoph & Spliethoff, Hartmut, 2019. "Experimental investigation of modern ORC working fluids R1224yd(Z) and R1233zd(E) as replacements for R245fa," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 946-963.
    18. Philipp Streit & Andreas P. Weiß & Dominik Stümpfl & Jan Špale & Lasse B. Anderson & Václav Novotný & Michal Kolovratník, 2024. "Concept and Design of a Velocity Compounded Radial Four-Fold Re-Entry Turbine for Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-21, March.
    19. Ma, Limin & Shang, Linlin & Zhong, Dan & Ji, Zhongli, 2017. "Experimental investigation of a two-phase closed thermosyphon charged with hydrocarbon and Freon refrigerants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 665-673.
    20. Wang, Yinglong & Chen, Zhengrun & Shen, Yuanyuan & Ma, Zhaoyuan & Li, Huiyuan & Liu, Xiaobin & Zhu, Zhaoyou & Qi, Jianguang & Cui, Peizhe & Wang, Lei & Ma, Yixin & Xu, Dongmei, 2021. "Advanced exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of an integrated system combining CO2 capture-storage and waste heat utilization processes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    21. Bartosz Gil & Jacek Kasperski, 2018. "Efficiency Evaluation of the Ejector Cooling Cycle using a New Generation of HFO/HCFO Refrigerant as a R134a Replacement," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-17, August.
    22. Welzl, Matthias & Heberle, Florian & Brüggemann, Dieter, 2020. "Experimental evaluation of nucleate pool boiling heat transfer correlations for R245fa and R1233zd(E) in ORC applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P3), pages 2855-2864.
    23. Preißinger, Markus & Schwöbel, Johannes A.H. & Klamt, Andreas & Brüggemann, Dieter, 2017. "Multi-criteria evaluation of several million working fluids for waste heat recovery by means of Organic Rankine Cycle in passenger cars and heavy-duty trucks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 887-899.
    24. Rijpkema, Jelmer & Erlandsson, Olof & Andersson, Sven B. & Munch, Karin, 2022. "Exhaust waste heat recovery from a heavy-duty truck engine: Experiments and simulations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PB).

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