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Evaluation of ejector performance for an organic Rankine cycle combined power and cooling system

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  • Zhang, Kun
  • Chen, Xue
  • Markides, Christos N.
  • Yang, Yong
  • Shen, Shengqiang

Abstract

Power-generation systems based on organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) are well suited and increasingly employed in the conversion of thermal energy from low temperature heat sources to power. These systems can be driven by waste heat, for example from various industrial processes, as well as solar or geothermal energy. A useful extension of such systems involves a combined ORC and ejector-refrigeration cycle (EORC) that is capable, at low cost and complexity, of producing useful power while having a simultaneous capacity for cooling that is highly desirable in many applications. A significant thermodynamic loss in such a combined energy system takes place in the ejector due to unavoidable losses caused by irreversible mixing in this component. This paper focuses on the flow and transport processes in an ejector, in order to understand and quantify the underlying reasons for these losses, as well as their sensitivity to important design parameters and operational variables. Specifically, the study considers, beyond variations to the geometric design of the ejector, also the role of changing the external conditions across this component and how these affect its performance; this is not only important in helping develop ejector designs in the first instance, but also in evaluating how the performance may shift (in fact, deteriorate) quantitatively when the device (and wider energy system within which it functions) are operated at part load, away from their design/operating points. An appreciation of the loss mechanisms and how these vary can be harnessed to propose new and improved designs leading to more efficient EROC systems, which would greatly enhance this technology’s economic and environmental potential. It is found that some operating conditions, such as a high pressure of the secondary and discharge fluid, lead to higher energy losses inside the ejector and limit the performance of the entire system. Based on the ejector model, an optimal design featuring a smoothed nozzle edge and an improved nozzle position is found to achieve an improved entrainment ratio, significantly better performance and reduced energy losses in the ejector.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Kun & Chen, Xue & Markides, Christos N. & Yang, Yong & Shen, Shengqiang, 2016. "Evaluation of ejector performance for an organic Rankine cycle combined power and cooling system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 404-412.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:184:y:2016:i:c:p:404-412
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.10.017
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    4. Chen, Yuzhu & Xu, Jinzhao & Zhao, Dandan & Wang, Jun & Lund, Peter D., 2021. "Exergo-economic assessment and sensitivity analysis of a solar-driven combined cooling, heating and power system with organic Rankine cycle and absorption heat pump," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    5. Fahid Riaz & Fu Zhi Yam & Muhammad Abdul Qyyum & Muhammad Wakil Shahzad & Muhammad Farooq & Poh Seng Lee & Moonyong Lee, 2021. "Direct Analytical Modeling for Optimal, On-Design Performance of Ejector for Simulating Heat-Driven Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-21, May.
    6. sattari sadat, Seyed mohammad & Mirabdolah Lavasani, Arash & Ghaebi, Hadi, 2019. "Economic and thermodynamic evaluation of a new solid oxide fuel cell based polygeneration system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 515-533.
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    8. Hoang, Anh Tuan, 2018. "Waste heat recovery from diesel engines based on Organic Rankine Cycle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 138-166.
    9. Jeon, Yongseok & Kim, Sunjae & Kim, Dongwoo & Chung, Hyun Joon & Kim, Yongchan, 2017. "Performance characteristics of an R600a household refrigeration cycle with a modified two-phase ejector for various ejector geometries and operating conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 1059-1067.
    10. Rashidi, Jouan & Yoo, ChangKyoo, 2018. "Exergy, exergo-economic, and exergy-pinch analyses (EXPA) of the kalina power-cooling cycle with an ejector," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 504-520.
    11. Mahmoudi, S.M.S. & Akbari Kordlar, M., 2018. "A new flexible geothermal based cogeneration system producing power and refrigeration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 499-512.
    12. Najjaran, Ahmad & Freeman, James & Ramos, Alba & Markides, Christos N., 2019. "Experimental investigation of an ammonia-water-hydrogen diffusion absorption refrigerator," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    13. Tashtoush, Bourhan M. & Al-Nimr, Moh'd A. & Khasawneh, Mohammad A., 2019. "A comprehensive review of ejector design, performance, and applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 138-172.
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    16. Zhang, Shaozhi & Luo, Jielin & Wang, Qin & Chen, Guangming, 2018. "Step utilization of energy with ejector in a heat driven freeze drying system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 734-744.

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