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Energy infrastructure modeling for the oil sands industry: Current situation

Author

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  • Lazzaroni, Edoardo Filippo
  • Elsholkami, Mohamed
  • Arbiv, Itai
  • Martelli, Emanuele
  • Elkamel, Ali
  • Fowler, Michael

Abstract

In this study, the total energy requirements associated with the production of bitumen from oil sands and its upgrading to synthetic crude oil (SCO) are modeled and quantified. The production scheme considered is based on the commercially applied steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) for bitumen extraction and delayed coking for bitumen upgrading. In addition, the model quantifies the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with the production of energy required for these operations from technologies utilized in the currently existing oil sands energy infrastructure. The model is based on fundamental engineering principles, and Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Plus simulations. The energy demand results are expressed in terms of heat, power, hydrogen, and process fuel consumption rates for SAGD extraction and bitumen upgrading. Based on the model’s output, a range of overall energy and emission intensity factors are estimated for a bitumen production rate of 112,500 BPD (or 93,272 BPD of SCO), which were determined to be 262.5–368.5MJ/GJSCO and 14.17–19.84gCO2/MJSCO, respectively. The results of the model indicate that the majority of GHG emissions are generated during SAGD extraction (up to 60% of total emissions) due to the combustion of natural gas for steam production, and the steam-to-oil ratio is a major parameter affecting total GHG emissions. The developed model can be utilized as a tool to predict the energy demand requirements for integrated SAGD/upgrading projects under different operating conditions, and provides guidance on the feasibility of lowering GHG emissions associated with their operation.

Suggested Citation

  • Lazzaroni, Edoardo Filippo & Elsholkami, Mohamed & Arbiv, Itai & Martelli, Emanuele & Elkamel, Ali & Fowler, Michael, 2016. "Energy infrastructure modeling for the oil sands industry: Current situation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 435-445.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:181:y:2016:i:c:p:435-445
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.072
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    5. Lazzaroni, E. & Elsholkami, M. & Martelli, E. & Elkamel, A., 2017. "Design and simulation of a petcoke gasification polygeneration plant integrated with a bitumen extraction and upgrading facility and net energy analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 880-891.
    6. Boreum Lee & Seonju Jeong & Sunggeun Lee & Ho‐Young Jung & Shin‐Kun Ryi & Hankwon Lim, 2017. "Preliminary techno‐economic analysis of a multi‐bed series reactor as a simultaneous CF 4 abatement and utilization process," Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 7(3), pages 542-549, June.
    7. Soiket, Md.I.H. & Oni, A.O. & Gemechu, E.D. & Kumar, A., 2019. "Life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions of upgrading and refining bitumen from the solvent extraction process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 236-250.
    8. Liu, Hao & Cheng, Linsong & Wu, Keliu & Huang, Shijun & Maini, Brij B., 2018. "Assessment of energy efficiency and solvent retention inside steam chamber of steam- and solvent-assisted gravity drainage process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 287-299.
    9. Rui, Zhenhua & Wang, Xiaoqing & Zhang, Zhien & Lu, Jun & Chen, Gang & Zhou, Xiyu & Patil, Shirish, 2018. "A realistic and integrated model for evaluating oil sands development with Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage technology in Canada," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 76-91.

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