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Impact of internal entrainment on high intensity distributed combustion

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  • Khalil, Ahmed E.E.
  • Gupta, Ashwani K.

Abstract

Colorless Distributed Combustion (CDC) has shown ultra-low emissions and enhanced performance of simulated gas turbine combustors. To achieve distributed combustion, the flowfield must be tailored for desirable mixture preparation within the combustor prior to mixture ignition. Though CDC have been extensively studied using a variety of geometries, heat release intensities, and fuels, the role of internally recirculated hot reactive gases needs to be further investigated and quantified to obtain the minimum requirement of internal entrainment for achieving distributed reaction condition. In this paper, the impact of internal entrainment of product gases on flame structure and behavior is investigated with focus on fostering distributed combustion and to provide guidelines for seeking distributed combustion. To simulate the recirculated gases from within the combustor, a mixture of nitrogen and carbon dioxide is introduced to the air stream prior to mixing with fuel and combustion. Increase in the amounts of nitrogen and carbon dioxide (simulating increased recirculation) increased the reaction volume to occupy larger volume with an overall enhanced and uniform distribution as revealed from the OH∗ chemiluminescence intensity. At the same time, the bluish flame is replaced with a more uniform almost invisible bluish flame. The increased recirculation also decreased the NO emission significantly for the same amount of fuel burned. Lowering oxygen concentration from 21% to 15% (due to increased recirculation) resulted in 80–90% reduction in NO with no impact on CO emission with sub PPM NO emission achieved at an equivalence ratio of 0.7. The same trend was demonstrated for a range of recirculated gases temperature. The reaction distribution was significantly enhanced with ultra-low emissions for oxygen concentration lower than 16% setting a minimum recirculation requirement for distributed combustion.

Suggested Citation

  • Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2015. "Impact of internal entrainment on high intensity distributed combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 241-250.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:156:y:2015:i:c:p:241-250
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.07.044
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2011. "Distributed swirl combustion for gas turbine application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 4898-4907.
    2. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2014. "Velocity and turbulence effects on high intensity distributed combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 1-9.
    3. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2014. "Towards distributed combustion for ultra low emission using swirling and non-swirling flowfields," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 132-139.
    4. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2013. "Hydrogen addition effects on high intensity distributed combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 71-78.
    5. Arghode, Vaibhav K. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2010. "Effect of flow field for colorless distributed combustion (CDC) for gas turbine combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(5), pages 1631-1640, May.
    6. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2011. "Swirling distributed combustion for clean energy conversion in gas turbine applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(11), pages 3685-3693.
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    1. Sorrentino, Giancarlo & Sabia, Pino & Bozza, Pio & Ragucci, Raffaele & de Joannon, Mara, 2019. "Low-NOx conversion of pure ammonia in a cyclonic burner under locally diluted and preheated conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    2. Karyeyen, Serhat & Feser, Joseph S. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2019. "Swirl assisted distributed combustion behavior using hydrogen-rich gaseous fuels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    3. Feser, Joseph S. & Bassioni, Ghada & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2018. "Effect of naphthalene addition to ethanol in distributed combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 1-7.
    4. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2015. "Internal entrainment effects on high intensity distributed combustion using non-intrusive diagnostics," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 467-476.
    5. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2015. "Thermal field investigation under distributed combustion conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 477-488.
    6. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2017. "Flame fluctuations in Oxy-CO2-methane mixtures in swirl assisted distributed combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 303-317.
    7. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2018. "Fostering distributed combustion in a swirl burner using prevaporized liquid fuels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 513-522.
    8. Khalil, Ahmed E.E. & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2017. "The role of CO2 on oxy-colorless distributed combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 466-474.

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