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Age and cohort effects: The American senior tourism market

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  • Chen, Sandy C.
  • Shoemaker, Stowe

Abstract

This study employed time-series data along with the theory of generations, life cycle theory, and continuity theory to analyze the psychological characteristics and travel behavior of American senior leisure tourists. Three generations were compared—the Silent Generation, the Lucky Few, and the Baby Boomers—using empirical data collected in 1986, 1996, and 2006. Whereas the findings support the applicability of life cycle theory and continuity theory to the senior travel market, they also indicate that the theory of generations might be limited in explicating this market, since to some extent age effects were more effective than cohort effects in explaining group differences. This study further suggests that although marketing programs geared toward the senior market need to be updated, they do not need to be radically changed over time. Marketers should also expect the average age of the senior travel market to rise, since traditionally defined “young seniors” of 55 to about 60years should no longer be considered seniors, and they might not be interested in senior programs.

Suggested Citation

  • Chen, Sandy C. & Shoemaker, Stowe, 2014. "Age and cohort effects: The American senior tourism market," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 58-75.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:anture:v:48:y:2014:i:c:p:58-75
    DOI: 10.1016/j.annals.2014.05.007
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    Cited by:

    1. Spasojević Bojana & Božić Sanja, 2016. "Senior tourists’ preferences in the developing countries – measuring perceptions of Serbian potential senior market," European Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation, Sciendo, vol. 7(2), pages 74-83, July.
    2. Kim, Myung Ja & Lee, Choong-Ki & Bonn, Mark, 2017. "Obtaining a better understanding about travel-related purchase intentions among senior users of mobile social network sites," International Journal of Information Management, Elsevier, vol. 37(5), pages 484-496.
    3. Chen, Chiang-Ming & Chen, Yen-Chien, 2018. "Income source effect on retiree’s tourism behavior," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 4-6.
    4. Luis Manuel Ruiz-Gómez & Julio Navío-Marco & Luisa Fernanda Rodríguez-Hevía, 2018. "Dynamics of digital tourism’s consumers in the EU," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 59-81, December.
    5. Mattioli, Giulio & Scheiner, Joachim & Holz-Rau, Christian, 2022. "Generational differences, socialisation effects and ‘mobility links’ in international holiday travel," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    6. Luojia Wang & Kerui Du & Bin Fang & Rob Law, 2023. "Escape from air pollution: How does air quality in the place of residence shape tourism consumption?," Tourism Economics, , vol. 29(4), pages 1074-1099, June.
    7. Diekmann, Anya & Vincent, Martin & Bauthier, Isabelle, 2020. "The holiday practices of seniors and their implications for social tourism: A Wallonian perspective," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    8. Karim Khelifi, 2023. "Conceptualizing the determinants of tourism destination choice through perceived value [Conceptualisation des déterminants du choix d'une destination touristique par la valeur perçue]," Post-Print hal-04348660, HAL.
    9. Athina Nella & Evangelos Christou, 2016. "Extending tourism marketing: Implications for targeting the senior tourists' segment," Post-Print hal-02441474, HAL.
    10. Sien Leong Liew & Siti Rahayu Hussin & Nawal Hanim Abdullah, 2021. "Attributes of Senior-Friendly Tourism Destinations for Current and Future Senior Tourists: An Importance-Performance Analysis Approach," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(1), pages 21582440219, March.
    11. Marek Nowacki & Joanna Kowalczyk-Anioł & Yash Chawla, 2023. "Gen Z’s Attitude towards Green Image Destinations, Green Tourism and Behavioural Intention Regarding Green Holiday Destination Choice: A Study in Poland and India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-17, May.
    12. Linghan Zhang & Junyi Zhang, 2018. "Impacts of Leisure and Tourism on the Elderly’s Quality of Life in Intimacy: A Comparative Study in Japan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-17, December.
    13. Miguel Ángel Moliner-Tena & Diego Monferrer-Tirado & Juan Bautista Ferreres-Bonfill & Rosa M. Rodríguez-Artola, 2021. "Destination Sustainability and Memorable Tourism Experiences," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-12, October.
    14. Bing Zuo & Zhaoqi Lai, 2020. "The effect of housing wealth on tourism consumption in China: Age and generation cohort comparisons," Tourism Economics, , vol. 26(2), pages 211-232, March.
    15. Kim, Myung Ja & Lee, Choong-Ki & Preis, Michael W., 2016. "Seniors' loyalty to social network sites: Effects of social capital and attachment," International Journal of Information Management, Elsevier, vol. 36(6), pages 1020-1032.
    16. Roberto Patuelli & Peter Nijkamp, 2016. "Travel motivations of seniors," Tourism Economics, , vol. 22(4), pages 847-862, August.
    17. S. V. Ilkevich, 2018. "Senior Tourism Persp Ectives In The Context Of The Pension Reform In Russia," Strategic decisions and risk management, Real Economy Publishing House, issue 4.
    18. Maximilian Weigert & Alexander Bauer & Johanna Gernert & Marion Karl & Asmik Nalmpatian & Helmut Küchenhoff & Jürgen Schmude, 2022. "Semiparametric APC analysis of destination choice patterns: Using generalized additive models to quantify the impact of age, period, and cohort on travel distances," Tourism Economics, , vol. 28(5), pages 1377-1400, August.
    19. Daniels, Margaret J. & Harmon, Laurlyn K. & Brayley, Russell E. & Vese, Rodney & Park, Minkyung, 2019. "Honor flight: Recognition of preeminent-mature tourists," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 95-107.
    20. Kim, Myung Ja & Lee, Choong-Ki & Bonn, Mark, 2016. "The effect of social capital and altruism on seniors' revisit intention to social network sites for tourism-related purposes," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 96-107.
    21. Cong-Minh Dinh & Sungjun (Steven) Park, 2024. "How to increase consumer intention to use Chatbots? An empirical analysis of hedonic and utilitarian motivations on social presence and the moderating effects of fear across generations," Electronic Commerce Research, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 2427-2467, December.
    22. Guanghui Qiao & Liu Ding & Keheng Xiang & Bruce Prideaux & Jinyi Xu, 2022. "Understanding the Value of Tourism to Seniors’ Health and Positive Aging," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-17, January.
    23. Losada, Nieves & Alén, Elisa & Domínguez, Trinidad & Nicolau, Juan Luis, 2016. "Travel frequency of seniors tourists," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 88-95.

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