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Water productivity, growth, and physiological assessment of deficit irrigated cotton on hyperarid desert-oases in northwest China

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  • Shareef, Muhammad
  • Gui, Dongwei
  • Zeng, Fanjiang
  • Waqas, Muhammad
  • Zhang, Bo
  • Iqbal, Hassan

Abstract

Critical water shortage and hyperaridity are the principal reasons, limiting cotton cultivation on desert-oases in northwest China. However, if water dearth is effectively managed then these terrains can also add significant contribution in regional and country’s total cotton production due to favorable climate. In that perspective, a 2-years (2015–2016) field study was conducted on cultivable southern periphery of Taklamakan desert to optimize water productivity of deficit drip irrigated cotton through evaluating its water use (ETc), growth, and physiology based water relations. Treatments included four drip irrigation regimes based on 100 (D100), 80 (D80), 60 (D60), and 40% (D40) replenishment of depleted water from field capacity. Results revealed that average ETc ranged from 510 mm at 40% to 1079 mm at 100% water replenishment. Crop growth and pre-dawn leaf water potential (ψpd) successively declined with reducing irrigation amount. Photosynthesis (A), and stomatal conductance (gs) of D80 plants decreased by 15% at squaring and by only 8% at later stages while, this decline was more vigorous under 60 and 40% water replenishments. The 80% irrigated plants resulted in only 13% yield reduction from D100 whereas, the average seed cotton yield varied from 2433 kg ha−1 in 40% to 4376 kg ha−1 under 100% water replenishment. The maximum irrigation, and crop water use efficiencies (IWUE, WUE) were recorded 0.62 and, 0.48 kg m−3, respectively, which reduced with increasing irrigation amounts. In addition, crop growth and physiological attributes showed linear correlations with ETc and irrigation regimes during yield formation. Following economic evaluation, these results suggested that, irrigating cotton up to 80% field capacity would provide the optimum yield and net income with 20% water saving while, D60 could save 40% water but, subject to major yield and profit loss. However, if water is sufficiently available then 100% irrigation can be practiced for maximizing cotton productivity and net gains on desert-oases.

Suggested Citation

  • Shareef, Muhammad & Gui, Dongwei & Zeng, Fanjiang & Waqas, Muhammad & Zhang, Bo & Iqbal, Hassan, 2018. "Water productivity, growth, and physiological assessment of deficit irrigated cotton on hyperarid desert-oases in northwest China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1-10.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:206:y:2018:i:c:p:1-10
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2018.04.042
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    2. Xiaoping Chen & Shaoyuan Feng & Zhiming Qi & Matthew W. Sima & Fanjiang Zeng & Lanhai Li & Haomiao Cheng & Hao Wu, 2022. "Optimizing Irrigation Strategies to Improve Water Use Efficiency of Cotton in Northwest China Using RZWQM2," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Giulio Sperandio & Mauro Pagano & Andrea Acampora & Vincenzo Civitarese & Carla Cedrola & Paolo Mattei & Roberto Tomasone, 2022. "Deficit Irrigation for Efficiency and Water Saving in Poplar Plantations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-16, October.
    4. Coelho, Rubens Duarte & Lizcano, Jonathan Vásquez & da Silva Barros, Timóteo Herculino & da Silva Barbosa, Fernando & Leal, Daniel Philipe Veloso & da Costa Santos, Lucas & Ribeiro, Nathalia Lopes & J, 2019. "Effect of water stress on renewable energy from sugarcane biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 399-407.
    5. Chen, Xiaoping & Qi, Zhiming & Gui, Dongwei & Sima, Matthew W. & Zeng, Fanjiang & Li, Lanhai & Li, Xiangyi & Gu, Zhe, 2020. "Evaluation of a new irrigation decision support system in improving cotton yield and water productivity in an arid climate," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    6. Himanshu, Sushil Kumar & Fan, Yubing & Ale, Srinivasulu & Bordovsky, James, 2021. "Simulated efficient growth-stage-based deficit irrigation strategies for maximizing cotton yield, crop water productivity and net returns," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    7. Fan, Yubing & Himanshu, Sushil K. & Ale, Srinivasulu & DeLaune, Paul B. & Zhang, Tian & Park, Seong C. & Colaizzi, Paul D. & Evett, Steven R. & Baumhardt, R. Louis, 2022. "The synergy between water conservation and economic profitability of adopting alternative irrigation systems for cotton production in the Texas High Plains," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    8. Shareef, Muhammad & Gui, Dongwei & Zeng, Fanjiang & Waqas, Muhammad & Ahmed, Zeeshan & Zhang, Bo & Iqbal, Hassan & Xue, Jie, 2019. "Nitrogen leaching, recovery efficiency, and cotton productivity assessments on desert-sandy soil under various application methods," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 223(C), pages 1-1.
    9. Wang, Haidong & Wu, Lifeng & Wang, Xiukang & Zhang, Shaohui & Cheng, Minghui & Feng, Hao & Fan, Junliang & Zhang, Fucang & Xiang, Youzhen, 2021. "Optimization of water and fertilizer management improves yield, water, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake and use efficiency of cotton under drip fertigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    10. Xiao, Chao & Ji, Qingyuan & Zhang, Fucang & Li, Yi & Fan, Junliang & Hou, Xianghao & Yan, Fulai & Liu, Xiaoqiang & Gong, Kaiyuan, 2023. "Effects of various soil water potential thresholds for drip irrigation on soil salinity, seed cotton yield and water productivity of cotton in northwest China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).

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