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Inequality of Educational Outcomes: International Evidence from PISA

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  • Freeman R B.
  • Machin, S. J.
  • Viarengo, M.G

Abstract

This paper examines the relation between measures of the within-country inequality of student scores on international academic tests and the average level of scores across countries, using the PISA mathematics tests over 2000-2009. It finds that average test scores are higher in countries with lower inequality in scores – a virtuous efficiency-equity relation in test performance – and that family background factors are differently associated with student test performance across countries, but display little impact on the country-wide dispersion of test scores.

Suggested Citation

  • Freeman R B. & Machin, S. J. & Viarengo, M.G, 2011. "Inequality of Educational Outcomes: International Evidence from PISA," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 11(3).
    • Handle: RePEc:eaa:eerese:v:11:y2011:i:3_1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Andreas Ammermueller, 2007. "Poor Background or Low Returns? Why Immigrant Students in Germany Perform so Poorly in the Programme for International Student Assessment," Education Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(2), pages 215-230.
    2. Veruska Oppedisano & Gilberto Turati, 2010. "What are the causes of educational inequalities and of their evolution over time in Europe? Evidence from PISA," Working Papers XREAP2010-16, Xarxa de Referència en Economia Aplicada (XREAP), revised Dec 2010.
    3. Veruska Oppedisano & Gilberto Turati, 2010. "What are the causes of educational inequalities and of their evolution over time in Europe? Evidence from PISA," Working Papers XREAP2010-16, Xarxa de Referència en Economia Aplicada (XREAP), revised Dec 2010.
    4. Gabriela Schütz & Heinrich W. Ursprung & Ludger Wößmann, 2008. "Education Policy and Equality of Opportunity," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(2), pages 279-308, May.
    5. Bishop, John, 1992. "The impact of academic competencies on wages, unemployment, and job performance," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 127-194, December.
    6. Woessmann, Ludger, 2004. "How Equal Are Educational Opportunities? Family Background and Student Achievement in Europe and the United States," IZA Discussion Papers 1284, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Sonja Jovicic, 2015. "Wage Inequality, Skill Inequality, and Employment: Evidence from PIAAC," Schumpeter Discussion Papers SDP15007, Universitätsbibliothek Wuppertal, University Library.
    2. Aparicio, Juan & Cordero, Jose M. & Ortiz, Lidia, 2019. "Measuring efficiency in education: The influence of imprecision and variability in data on DEA estimates," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    3. Tommaso Agasisti & Sergio Longobardi, 2017. "Equality of Educational Opportunities, Schools’ Characteristics and Resilient Students: An Empirical Study of EU-15 Countries Using OECD-PISA 2009 Data," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 134(3), pages 917-953, December.
    4. Marco Paccagnella, 2015. "Skills and Wage Inequality: Evidence from PIAAC," OECD Education Working Papers 114, OECD Publishing.
    5. Gustavo A. Marrero & Juan C. Palomino & Gabriela Sicilia, 2024. "Inequality of opportunity in educational achievement in Western Europe: contributors and channels," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 22(2), pages 383-410, June.
    6. Gvozdeva, Margarita A. (Гвоздева, Маргарита А.) & Kazakova, Maria V. (Казакова, Мария) & Lyubimov, Ivan L. (Любимов, Иван) & Nesterova, Kristina V. (Нестерова, Кристина), 2017. "Immigration, school system and Human Capital [Иммиграция, Школьная Система И Накопление Человеческого Капитала]," Ekonomicheskaya Politika / Economic Policy, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, vol. 1, pages 40-57, February.
    7. French, Joseph J. & French, Atchaporn & Li, Wei-Xuan, 2015. "The relationship among cultural dimensions, education expenditure, and PISA performance," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 25-34.
    8. Crouch, Luis & Rolleston, Caine & Gustafsson, Martin, 2021. "Eliminating global learning poverty: The importance of equalities and equity," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    9. Jovicic, Sonja, 2017. "Literacy skills, equality of educational opportunities and educational outcomes: an international comparison," VfS Annual Conference 2017 (Vienna): Alternative Structures for Money and Banking 168117, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Education; Public Policy; Inequality;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I20 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - General
    • I3 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
    • J68 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Public Policy
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration

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