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»Akademisierungswahn«: Studieren zu viele?

Author

Listed:
  • Johanna Wanka
  • Hans-Peter Klös
  • Axel Plünnecke
  • Joachim Möller
  • Wolfram F. Richter
  • Kerstin Schneider
  • Ludger Wößmann
  • Stefan Wolf

Abstract

Wird in Deutschland zu viel studiert, oder ist die Diskussion über eine Überakademisierung der Gesellschaft verfehlt? Johanna Wanka, Bundesministerin für Bildung und Forschung, unterstreicht, dass berufliche Bildung und Studium gleichermaßen wichtige Bestandteile des deutschen Bildungssystems sind. Hans-Peter Klös und Axel Plünnecke, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft Köln, verwerfen die »These der Überakademisierung«. Die Bildungspolitik sollte vielmehr größere Durchlässigkeit zwischen beruflicher und akademischer Bildung herstellen. Auch Joachim Möller, IAB und Universität Regensburg, sieht keine Anzeichen einer Überakademi-sierung. Die Arbeitsmarktsituation der Hochqualifizierten habe sich nicht verschlechtert. Eine Einschränkung des Zugangs zu den Hochschulen sei in keiner Weise zu rechtfertigen. Wolfram F. Richter, Technische Universität Dortmund, und Kerstin Schneider, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, bezweifeln, dass der Mehrwert, den ein Hochschulabschluss verspricht, den Schätzungen, insbesondere der OECD, entspricht. Die entscheidungsrelevanten Ertragsraten würden durch die publizierten systematisch überzeichnet, da nicht hinreichend zwischen den Kosten entgangenen Lohns und denen entgangener Freizeit unterschieden werde. Ludger Wößmann, ifo Institut und Universität München, betont, dass den PIAAC-Ergebnissen zufolge jedes zusätzliche Bildungsjahr mit knapp 10% höherem Einkommen einhergeht. Gesamtwirtschaftlich erweise sich ein besseres Bildungsniveau der Bevölkerung als der wohl wichtigste Bestimmungsfaktor des langfristigen volkswirtschaftlichen Wachstums. Nach Ansicht von Stefan Wolf, Südwestmetall, braucht die Wissensgesellschaft sowohl Hochschulabsolventen als auch Facharbeiter. Aus Sicht der Arbeitgeber erscheine es naiv, eine Stärkung der dualen Ausbildung durch eine Schwächung der Hochschulen oder eine künstliche Begrenzung der Hochschulzugangsberechtigungen erreichen zu wollen.

Suggested Citation

  • Johanna Wanka & Hans-Peter Klös & Axel Plünnecke & Joachim Möller & Wolfram F. Richter & Kerstin Schneider & Ludger Wößmann & Stefan Wolf, 2013. "»Akademisierungswahn«: Studieren zu viele?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 66(23), pages 03-24, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:ces:ifosdt:v:66:y:2013:i:23:p:03-24
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Eric Hanushek & Ludger Woessmann, 2012. "Do better schools lead to more growth? Cognitive skills, economic outcomes, and causation," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 267-321, December.
    2. Eric A. Hanushek & Guido Schwerdt & Ludger Woessmann & Lei Zhang, 2017. "General Education, Vocational Education, and Labor-Market Outcomes over the Lifecycle," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 52(1), pages 48-87.
    3. O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), 1999. "Handbook of Labor Economics," Handbook of Labor Economics, Elsevier, edition 1, volume 3, number 3.
    4. Card, David, 1999. "The causal effect of education on earnings," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 30, pages 1801-1863, Elsevier.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Bildungsniveau; Hochschule; Qualifikation; Studium; Fachkräfte; Akademiker;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy

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