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Retention of carotenoids in egg yolks of laying hens supplemented with heterotrophic Chlorella

Author

Listed:
  • V. Kotrbáček

    (University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic)

  • M. Skřivan

    (Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic)

  • J. Kopecký

    (Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Třeboň, Czech Republic)

  • O. Pěnkava

    (University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic)

  • P. Hudečková

    (University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic)

  • I. Uhríková

    (University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic)

  • J. Doubek

    (University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic)

Abstract

The present study investigated the effect of 1 and 2% feed supplementation with biomass of Chlorella grown through heterotrophic fermentation on the concentration of total and individual carotenoids in egg yolks. A total of twenty-four Hisex Brown laying hens aged 56 weeks were included in the experiment. The layers were kept individually in cages. They were divided into three groups of eight birds and fed a diet typical for laying hens. Control birds (C) received only a basal diet, while experimental diets (P1 and P2) were supplemented with 1 and 2% (i.e. 10 and 20 g/kg) dry disintegrated Chlorella biomass. Egg yolk deposition of total carotenoids was significantly (P < 0.01) increased by 46% (P1) and 119% (P2). The rising curves of total carotenoids reached their plateau during the fourth experimental week. The respective values oscillated around 25 mg (P1) and 40 mg (P2) per g of yolk during the following weeks. Lutein and zeaxanthin were equally deposited and they represented more than 90% of total carotenoids in yolk. The deposition of carotenoids significantly (P < 0.01) increased the colour characteristics of yolks measured using the Roche Yolk Colour Fan scale. Supplementation with Chlorella biomass significantly decreased the egg yolk weight of P2 in comparison with P1 (P < 0.05) and C (P < 0.01). These effects were probably related to lower feed consumption in these hens. The daily feed intake per hen, as well as its consumption per egg, was lower by 5-7 g in both supplemented groups. Recalculation of the diet consumption per kg of egg and yolk mass eliminated these differences. There were no differences among laying hens in plasma concentrations of triacylglycerol and cholesterol.

Suggested Citation

  • V. Kotrbáček & M. Skřivan & J. Kopecký & O. Pěnkava & P. Hudečková & I. Uhríková & J. Doubek, 2013. "Retention of carotenoids in egg yolks of laying hens supplemented with heterotrophic Chlorella," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 58(5), pages 193-200.
    • Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:58:y:2013:i:5:id:6747-cjas
    DOI: 10.17221/6747-CJAS
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. V. Kotrbáček & J. Doucha & T. Offenbartl, 2004. "Use of Chlorella as a carrier of organic-bound iodine in the nutrition of sows," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 49(1), pages 28-32.
    2. M. Skřivan & J. Šimáně & G. Dlouhá & J. Doucha, 2006. "Effect of dietary sodium selenite, Se-enriched yeast and Se-enriched Chlorella on egg Se concentration, physical parameters of eggs and laying hen production," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 51(4), pages 163-167.
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    Cited by:

    1. M. Skřivan & S.H. Pickinpaugh & V. Pavlů & E. Skřivanová & M. Englmaierová, 2015. "A mobile system for rearing meat chickens on pasture," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 60(2), pages 52-59.
    2. Věra Skřivanová & Michaela Englmaierová & Markéta Bendová & Miloš Skřivan, 2017. "Effect of the source and level of carotenoids in diets on their retention in eggs," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 62(8), pages 323-330.
    3. M. Skřivan & M. Englmaierová & E. Skřivanová & I. Bubancová, 2015. "Increase in lutein and zeaxanthin content in the eggs of hens fed marigold flower extract," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 60(3), pages 87-96.
    4. K. Karásková & P. Suchý & E. Straková, 2015. "Current use of phytogenic feed additives in animal nutrition: a review," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 60(12), pages 521-530.
    5. B. Sun & J. Ma & J. Zhang & L. Su & Q. Xie & Y. Bi, 2014. "Lycopene regulates production performance, antioxidant capacity, and biochemical parameters in breeding hens," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 59(10), pages 471-479.
    6. M. Englmaierová & M. Skřivan & I. Bubancová, 2013. "A comparison of lutein, spray-dried Chlorella, and synthetic carotenoids effects on yolk colour, oxidative stability, and reproductive performance of laying hens," Czech Journal of Animal Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 58(9), pages 412-419.

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