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Semiparametric marginal regression analysis for dependent competing risks under an assumed copula

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  • Yi‐Hau Chen

Abstract

Summary. Competing risks problems arise in many fields of science, where two or more types of event may occur on a subject, but only the event occurring first is observed together with its occurrence time, and other events are censored. The marginal and joint distributions of event times for competing risks cannot be identified from the observed data without assuming the relationship between events. The commonly adopted independent censoring assumption may be easily violated. An alternative is to assume that the joint distribution of event times follows a known copula, which is an explicit function of the marginal distributions. On the basis of the latter assumption, we consider marginal regression analysis for dependent competing risks, with the marginal regressions performed via semiparametric transformation models, including the proportional hazards and proportional odds models. We propose a non‐parametric maximum likelihood analysis, which provides explicit expressions for the score functions and information matrix, and facilitates convenient computations. Large and finite sample properties are studied. We report an illustration with data from an acquired immune deficiency syndrome clinical trial where the censoring may be dependent. The proposal can be readily used as a sensitivity analysis for assessing effects of potential dependent censoring and can incorporate external information on the association of competing risks.

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  • Yi‐Hau Chen, 2010. "Semiparametric marginal regression analysis for dependent competing risks under an assumed copula," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 72(2), pages 235-251, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jorssb:v:72:y:2010:i:2:p:235-251
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9868.2009.00734.x
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    1. Yicheng Zhou & Zhenzhou Lu & Yan Shi & Kai Cheng, 2019. "The copula-based method for statistical analysis of step-stress accelerated life test with dependent competing failure modes," Journal of Risk and Reliability, , vol. 233(3), pages 401-418, June.
    2. Takeshi Emura & Chi-Hung Pan, 2020. "Parametric likelihood inference and goodness-of-fit for dependently left-truncated data, a copula-based approach," Statistical Papers, Springer, vol. 61(1), pages 479-501, February.
    3. Lo Simon M.S. & Wilke Ralf A., 2014. "A Regression Model for the Copula-Graphic Estimator," Journal of Econometric Methods, De Gruyter, vol. 3(1), pages 21-46, January.
    4. Lo Simon M.S. & Wilke Ralf A., 2014. "A Regression Model for the Copula-Graphic Estimator," Journal of Econometric Methods, De Gruyter, vol. 3(1), pages 21-46, January.
    5. Emura, Takeshi & Wang, Weijing, 2012. "Nonparametric maximum likelihood estimation for dependent truncation data based on copulas," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 171-188.
    6. Kim, Dongwoo, 2023. "Partially identifying competing risks models: An application to the war on cancer," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 234(2), pages 536-564.
    7. Rui Hua & Wenhao Gui, 2022. "Inference for copula-based dependent competing risks model with step-stress accelerated life test under generalized progressive hybrid censoring," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 37(5), pages 2399-2436, November.
    8. Herbert Hove & Frank Beichelt & Parmod K. Kapur, 2017. "Estimation of the Frank copula model for dependent competing risks in accelerated life testing," International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, Springer;The Society for Reliability, Engineering Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM),India, and Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, vol. 8(4), pages 673-682, December.
    9. Ma, Ling & Hu, Tao & Sun, Jianguo, 2016. "Cox regression analysis of dependent interval-censored failure time data," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 79-90.
    10. Deresa, Negera Wakgari & Van Keilegom, Ingrid, 2020. "A multivariate normal regression model for survival data subject to different types of dependent censoring," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    11. Sangbum Choi & Xuelin Huang, 2014. "Maximum likelihood estimation of semiparametric mixture component models for competing risks data," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 70(3), pages 588-598, September.
    12. Dimitrova, Dimitrina S. & Haberman, Steven & Kaishev, Vladimir K., 2013. "Dependent competing risks: Cause elimination and its impact on survival," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(2), pages 464-477.
    13. Chia-Hui Huang, 2019. "Mixture regression models for the gap time distributions and illness–death processes," Lifetime Data Analysis: An International Journal Devoted to Statistical Methods and Applications for Time-to-Event Data, Springer, vol. 25(1), pages 168-188, January.
    14. Jia-Han Shih & Takeshi Emura, 2018. "Likelihood-based inference for bivariate latent failure time models with competing risks under the generalized FGM copula," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 33(3), pages 1293-1323, September.
    15. Lo, Simon M.S. & Wilke, Ralf A. & Emura, Takeshi, 2024. "A semiparametric model for the cause-specific hazard under risk proportionality," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    16. Cuihong Zhang & Jing Ning & Steven H. Belle & Robert H. Squires & Jianwen Cai & Ruosha Li, 2022. "Assessing predictive discrimination performance of biomarkers in the presence of treatment‐induced dependent censoring," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 71(5), pages 1137-1157, November.
    17. Emura, Takeshi & Chen, Yi-Hau, 2014. "Gene selection for survival data under dependent censoring: a copula-based approach," MPRA Paper 58043, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. T. Emura & K. Murotani, 2015. "An algorithm for estimating survival under a copula-based dependent truncation model," TEST: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 24(4), pages 734-751, December.
    19. Deresa, N.W. & Van Keilegom, I. & Antonio, K., 2022. "Copula-based inference for bivariate survival data with left truncation and dependent censoring," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 1-21.
    20. Chen, Xuerong & Hu, Tao & Sun, Jianguo, 2017. "Sieve maximum likelihood estimation for the proportional hazards model under informative censoring," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 224-234.
    21. An-Min Tang & Nian-Sheng Tang & Dalei Yu, 2023. "Bayesian semiparametric joint model of multivariate longitudinal and survival data with dependent censoring," Lifetime Data Analysis: An International Journal Devoted to Statistical Methods and Applications for Time-to-Event Data, Springer, vol. 29(4), pages 888-918, October.

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