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The effects of capital on bank lending in large EU banks – the role of procyclicality, income smoothing, regulations and supervision

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  • Malgorzata Olszak

    (University of Warsaw, Faculty of Management)

  • Mateusz Pipien

    (Cracow University of Economics, Economic Institute, National Bank of Poland)

  • Sylwia Roszkowska

    (Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, University of £ódŸ, National Bank of Poland)

  • Iwona Kowalska

    (University of Warsaw, Faculty of Management)

Abstract

This paper aims to find out what the impact is of bank capital ratios on loan supply in the EU and what factors explain the potential diversity of this impact. Applying the Blundell and Bond (1998) two step GMM estimator, we show that, in the EU context, the role of capital ratio for loan growth is stronger than previous literature has found for other countries. Our study sheds some light on whether procyclicality of loan loss provisions and income smoothing with loan loss provisions contribute to procyclical impact of capital ratio on loan growth. We document that loan growth of banks that have more procyclical loan loss provisions and that engage less in income smoothing is more sensitive to capital ratios. This sensitivity is slightly increased in this sample of banks during contractions. Moreover, more restrictive regulations and more stringent official supervision reduce the magnitude of the effect of capital ratio on bank lending. Taken together, our results suggest that capital ratios are an important determinant of lending in large EU banks.

Suggested Citation

  • Malgorzata Olszak & Mateusz Pipien & Sylwia Roszkowska & Iwona Kowalska, 2014. "The effects of capital on bank lending in large EU banks – the role of procyclicality, income smoothing, regulations and supervision," Faculty of Management Working Paper Series 52014, University of Warsaw, Faculty of Management.
    • Handle: RePEc:sgm:fmuwwp:52014
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    3. Ben Naceur, S. & Marton, Katherin & Roulet, Caroline, 2018. "Basel III and bank-lending: Evidence from the United States and Europe," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 1-27.
    4. Malgorzata Olszak, 2015. "The phenomenon of excessive procyclicality of the financial sector from the perspective of macroprudential policy – sources, methods of reduction and their basic limitations (Zjawisko nadmiernej procy," Problemy Zarzadzania, University of Warsaw, Faculty of Management, vol. 13(55), pages 72-96.
    5. Maya El Hourani & Gérard Mondello, 2019. "The Impact of Bank Capital and Institutional Quality on Lending: Empirical Evidence from the MENA Region," GREDEG Working Papers 2019-34, Groupe de REcherche en Droit, Economie, Gestion (GREDEG CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur, France.
    6. Zuzanna Wośko, 2015. "Modelling credit growth in commercial banks with the use of data from Senior Loan Officers Opinion Survey," NBP Working Papers 210, Narodowy Bank Polski.
    7. Roulet, Caroline, 2018. "Basel III: Effects of capital and liquidity regulations on European bank lending," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 26-46.
    8. Malgorzata Olszak & Mateusz Pipien & Sylwia Roszkowska, 2016. "The Impact Of Capital Ratio On Lending Of Eu Banks – The Role Of Bank Specialization And Capitalization," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 11(1), pages 43-59, March.
    9. Marcin Borsuk & Konrad Kostrzewa, 2020. "Miary ryzyka systemowego dla Polski. Jak ryzyko systemowe wpływa na akcję kredytową banków?," Bank i Kredyt, Narodowy Bank Polski, vol. 51(3), pages 211-238.
    10. Malgorzata Olszak & Sylwia Roszkowska & Marcell Zoltán Végh, 2017. "Do Microprudential Regulations and Supervision Affect the Link Between Lending and Capital Ratio in Economic Downturns of Large Banks in the EU?," Problemy Zarzadzania, University of Warsaw, Faculty of Management, vol. 15(66), pages 11-36.
    11. Simona Malovana & Martin Hodula & Josef Bajzik & Zuzana Gric, 2021. "A Tale of Different Capital Ratios: How to Correctly Assess the Impact of Capital Regulation on Lending," Working Papers 2021/8, Czech National Bank.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    loan supply; capital crunch; procyclicality of loan loss provisions; income smoothing; bank regulation; bank supervision;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

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