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Female Labor Force Participation in Asia: Indonesia Country Study

Author

Listed:
  • Schaner , Simone

    (Dartmouth College)

  • Das, Smita

    (Harvard Kennedy School of Government)

Abstract

This paper uses over 20 years of data from Indonesia’s labor force survey to study trends in female labor force participation (FLFP). We find that younger women in urban areas have increased their labor force participation in recent years, largely through wage employment, while younger women in rural areas have reduced their labor force participation, largely by opting out of informal, unpaid employment. We find evidence that wage jobs are more desirable than other types of work and that many women exit wage work due to family and childcare constraints. We outline a research-policy evaluation of female-centered vocational training and job placement services, which may be effective tools to increase FLFP.

Suggested Citation

  • Schaner , Simone & Das, Smita, 2016. "Female Labor Force Participation in Asia: Indonesia Country Study," ADB Economics Working Paper Series 474, Asian Development Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:adbewp:0474
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Duncan Thomas & James P. Smith & Kathleen Beegle & Graciela Teruel & Elizabeth Frankenberg, 2002. "Wages, employment and economic shocks: Evidence from Indonesia," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 15(1), pages 161-193.
    2. Thomas, Duncan & Beegle, Kathleen & Frankenberg, Elizabeth & Sikoki, Bondan & Strauss, John & Teruel, Graciela, 2004. "Education in a crisis," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(1), pages 53-85, June.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Hina Amber & Bezawit Beyene Chichaibelu, 2023. "Narrowing the gender digital divide in Pakistan: Mobile phone ownership and female labor force participation," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(3), pages 1354-1382, August.
    3. Kusumawardhani, Niken & Pramana, Rezanti & Saputri, Nurmala Selly & Suryadarma, Daniel, 2023. "Heterogeneous impact of internet availability on female labor market outcomes in an emerging economy: Evidence from Indonesia," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    4. Po Yin Wong, 2022. "Who takes the hit? Gender differences in employment outcomes after disasters," Pacific Economic Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(3), pages 295-313, August.
    5. Tushar Bharati & Seungwoo Chin & Dawoon Jung, 2020. "Recovery from an Early-Life Shock through Improved Access to Schools," Economics Discussion / Working Papers 20-04, The University of Western Australia, Department of Economics.
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    7. Gea D. M. Wijers, 2019. "Inequality regimes in Indonesian dairy cooperatives: understanding institutional barriers to gender equality," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 36(2), pages 167-181, June.
    8. Robertson,Raymond & Lopez-Acevedo,Gladys C. & Morales,Matias, 2020. "The Relationship between Female Labor Force Participation and Violent Conflicts in South Asia," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9195, The World Bank.
    9. Giang Nguyen, 2019. "Sibling-sex composition, childbearing and female labour market outcomes in Indonesia," Journal of Population Research, Springer, vol. 36(1), pages 13-34, March.
    10. Alexander D. Rothenberg & Samuel Bazzi & Shanthi Nataraj & Amalavoyal V. Chari, 2017. "When Regional Policies Fail An Evaluation of Indonesia's Integrated Economic Development Zones," Working Papers WR-1183, RAND Corporation.
    11. Panu Poutvaara & Maximilian Schwefer, 2018. "Husbands’ and wives’ diverging perceptions on who decides," ifo Working Paper Series 279, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich.
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    14. Afkar,Rythia & Yarrow,Noah Bunce & Surbakti,Soedarti & Cooper,Rachel Danielle, 2020. "Inclusion in Indonesia's Education Sector : A Subnational Review of Gender Gaps and Children with Disabilities," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9282, The World Bank.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    gender; Indonesia; labor force participation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development

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