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A Method for Studying Differences in Segregation Across Time and Space

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  • Elbers, Benjamin

Abstract

An important topic in the study of segregation are comparisons across space and time. This paper extends current approaches in segregation measurement by presenting a five-term decomposition procedure that can be used to understand more clearly why segregation has changed or differs between two comparison points. Two of the five terms account for differences in segregation that are due to the differing marginal distributions (e.g., the gender and occupational distributions), while one term accounts for differences in segregation due the different structure of segregation (what might be termed “pure” segregation). The decomposition thus presents a solution to the problem of margin-dependency, frequently discussed in the segregation literature. Finally, two terms account for the appearance or disappearance of units when analyzing change over time. The method can be further extended to attribute structural changes to individual units, which makes it possible, for instance, to quantify the effect of each occupation on changing gender segregation. The practical advantages of the decomposition are illustrated by two examples: a study of changing occupational gender segregation in the U.S, and a study of changing residential segregation in Brooklyn, New York City.

Suggested Citation

  • Elbers, Benjamin, 2018. "A Method for Studying Differences in Segregation Across Time and Space," SocArXiv ya7zs, Center for Open Science.
    • Handle: RePEc:osf:socarx:ya7zs
    DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/ya7zs
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Card & Jörg Heining & Patrick Kline, 2013. "Workplace Heterogeneity and the Rise of West German Wage Inequality," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 128(3), pages 967-1015.
    2. Fortin, Nicole & Lemieux, Thomas & Firpo, Sergio, 2011. "Decomposition Methods in Economics," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 1, pages 1-102, Elsevier.
    3. Martin Watts, 1998. "The analysis of sex segregation: When is index measurement not index measurement," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 35(4), pages 505-508, November.
    4. Ricardo Mora & Javier Ruiz-Castillo, 2003. "Additively Decomposable Segregation Indexes. The Case of Gender Segregation by Occupations and Human Capital Levels in Spain," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 1(2), pages 147-179, August.
    5. Kim Weeden, 1998. "Revisiting occupational sex segregation in the United States, 1910–1990: Results from a log-linear approach," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 35(4), pages 475-487, November.
    6. repec:cte:werepe:we031503 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Anthony Shorrocks, 2013. "Decomposition procedures for distributional analysis: a unified framework based on the Shapley value," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 11(1), pages 99-126, March.
    8. repec:bla:ecorec:v:64:y:1988:i:186:p:187-95 is not listed on IDEAS
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    Cited by:

    1. Jeffrey A. Mello, 2019. "Why the Equal Pay Act and Laws Which Prohibit Salary Inquiries of Job Applicants Can Not Adequately Address Gender-Based Pay Inequity," SAGE Open, , vol. 9(3), pages 21582440198, August.

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