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Biking Where Black: Connecting Transportation Planning and Infrastructure to Disproportionate Policing

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  • Barajas, Jesus

Abstract

This study asks whether deficiencies in transportation are associated with disproportionate policing in Chicago using the case of cycling. I examine how the number of bicycle citations issued per street segment are influenced by the availability of bicycle facilities and street characteristics, controlling for crash incidence, police presence, and neighborhood characteristics. Tickets were issued 8 times more often per capita in majority Black tracts and 3 times more often in majority Latino tracts compared to majority white tracts. More tickets were issued on major streets, but up to 85% fewer were issued when those streets had bike facilities, which were less prevalent in Black and Latino neighborhoods. Tickets were not associated with bicycle injury-crashes and inversely associated with vehicle injury-crashes. Infrastructure inequities compound the effects of racially-biased policing in the context of transportation safety strategies. Remedies include the removal of traffic enforcement from safe systems strategies and equitable investment in cycling.

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  • Barajas, Jesus, 2021. "Biking Where Black: Connecting Transportation Planning and Infrastructure to Disproportionate Policing," SocArXiv wszgv, Center for Open Science.
    • Handle: RePEc:osf:socarx:wszgv
    DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/wszgv
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. McCullough, Sarah R & Lugo, Adonia & Stokkum, Rebecca van, 2019. "Making Bicycling Equitable: Lessons from Sociocultural Research," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt37s8b56q, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Cunha, Isabel & Silva, Cecília & Büttner, Benjamin & Toivonen, Tuuli, 2024. "Pursuing cycling equity? A mixed-methods analysis of cycling plans in European cities," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 237-246.
    3. Cunha, Isabel & Silva, Cecília, 2023. "Assessing the equity impact of cycling infrastructure allocation: Implications for planning practice," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 15-26.
    4. Soliz, Aryana & Carvalho, Thiago & Sarmiento-Casas, Claudio & Sánchez-Rodríguez, Jorge & El-Geneidy, Ahmed, 2023. "Scaling up active transportation across North America: A comparative content analysis of policies through a social equity framework," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    5. Lowe, Kate & Barajas, Jesus & Coren, Chelsie, 2023. "“It's annoying, confusing, and it's irritating”: Lived expertise for epistemic justice and understanding inequitable accessibility," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    6. Osei, Akwesi & Aldred, Rachel, 2023. "“You always think about what other people be thinking”: Black men and barriers to cycling in London," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    7. Alimo, Philip Kofi & Agyeman, Stephen & Danesh, Ali & Yu, Chunhui & Ma, Wanjing, 2023. "Is public bike-sharing feasible in Ghana? Road users' perceptions and policy interventions," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).

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