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Exploring the Demographic History of Populations with Enhanced Lexis Surfaces

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  • Cimentada, Jorge
  • Klüsener, Sebastian
  • Riffe, Tim

Abstract

Lexis surfaces are widely used to analyze demographic trends across periods, ages, and birth cohorts. When used to visualize rates or similar, these plots usually do not convey information about population size. The failure to communicate population size in Lexis surfaces can lead to misinterpretations of the mortality conditions populations face because, for example, high mortality rates at very high ages have historically been experienced by only a small proportion of a population or cohort. We propose enhanced Lexis surfaces that include a visual representation of population size. The examples we present demonstrate how such plots can give readers a more intuitive understanding of the demographic development of a population over time. Visualizations are implemented using an R-Shiny application, building upon perception theories. We present example plots for enhanced Lexis surfaces that show trends in cohort mortality and first-order differences in cohort mortality developments. These plots illustrate how adding the cohort size dimension allows us to extend the analytical potential of standard Lexis surfaces. Our enhanced Lexis surfaces improve conventional depictions of period, age, and cohort trends in demographic developments of populations and cohorts. An online interactive visualization tool based on Human Mortality Database data allows users to generate and export enhanced Lexis surfaces for their research. The R code to generate the application (and a link to the deployed application) can be accessed at https://github.com/cimentadaj/lexis_plot.

Suggested Citation

  • Cimentada, Jorge & Klüsener, Sebastian & Riffe, Tim, 2019. "Exploring the Demographic History of Populations with Enhanced Lexis Surfaces," SocArXiv hxy7d_v1, Center for Open Science.
    • Handle: RePEc:osf:socarx:hxy7d_v1
    DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/hxy7d_v1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jonas Schöley & Frans Willekens, 2017. "Visualizing compositional data on the Lexis surface," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 36(21), pages 627-658.
    2. Christophe Vandeschrick, 2001. "The Lexis diagram, a misnomer," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 4(3), pages 97-124.
    3. Guillaume Vandenbroucke, 2014. "Fertility and Wars: The Case of World War I in France," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 6(2), pages 108-136, April.
    4. Camarda, Carlo G., 2012. "MortalitySmooth: An R Package for Smoothing Poisson Counts with P-Splines," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 50(i01).
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